长江经济带农业能值投入产出效率的空间差异研究

Research on Spatial Differences of Agricultural Emergy Input-output Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

运用能值分析法,对长江经济带2010—2019年农业系统耕地、园地、林地、牧草地、养殖水面5种农用地的投入产出项目进行计算,构建农业能值效率评价指标体系,进一步对该地区农业能值投入产出结构和效率展开深入研究,通过LMDI分解模型分析农业生产活动的影响因素以及各因素的贡献程度。结果表明,长江经济带农业系统2010—2019年间总能值投入和总能值产出均上升,净能值产出率不断下降。长江经济带11个省份的农业投入产出效率差异较大,除上海外,各地投入产出总能值均呈现不同程度的升高。大部分省份农业系统净能值产出率下降,总体呈现东高西低的分布规律。各省份农业可持续利用综合指数的变化各不相同,总体而言长江经济带农业系统可持续状况在不断恶化。2010—2019年对农业可持续发展状况影响最大的因素是投入结构效应,长江经济带农业要实现可持续发展,调整农业投入结构是首要措施。

In this paper,emergy analysis method is used to calculate the input and output items of five types of agricultural land in the agricultural system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019,including cultivated land,garden land,forest land,pasture grassland,and aquaculture water surface.An agricultural emergy efficiency evaluation index system was constructed for in-depth research on the emergy structure and efficiency of agricultural input and output in this region.The influencing factors of agricultural production activities and the contribution of each factor were analyzed through the LMDI decomposition model.The results show that from 2010 to 2019,the total input and output emergy of the agricultural system in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased,and the net emergy yield rate continued to decline.The agricultural input-output efficiencies of the 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are quite different.Except for Shanghai,the total input-output emergy values of other 10 provinces were all increased with various degrees.The net emergy yield rate of agricultural system in most provinces had been declined,and the overall distribution pattern of the net emergy yield rate is high in the east and low in the west.The changes in the comprehensive index of sustainable agricultural utilization in different provinces and cities are different.In general,the overall sustainability of the agricultural system in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been deteriorating.The factor that has the greatest impact on the sustainable development of agriculture in the 10 years from 2010 to 2019 is the effect of the input structure.Therefore,the primary measure for achieving sustainable development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,is to adjust the agricultural input structure.