基于输出系数法的陕西农业面源污染负荷研究

Research on Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Load in Shaanxi Based on Output Coefficient Method

为更精准评估陕西农业面源污染现状,采用输出系数法对陕西各地市农业面源污染TN和TP负荷量进行估算。结果表明,2020年陕西省农业面源污染物TN和TP负荷量分别为38835.9和9150.1 t,地市空间分布的差异对TN和TP的负荷量和负荷强度存在影响,其中安康、汉中、榆林市的污染物TN和TP负荷量较高,而西安、咸阳、渭南市的污染物TN和TP负荷强度较大;不同类型污染源对TN和TP负荷量的贡献率不同,农村生活污染和畜禽养殖污染占比较大。研究结果可为区域内农业面源污染防控提供参考价值,同时促进当地农业结构的调整升级。

In order to more accurately evaluate the current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Shaanxi Province,the total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)load of agricultural non-point source pollution were estimated by using the output coefficient method.The results show that,in 2020,the TN and TP load of agricultural non-point source pollutants in Shaanxi Province were 38835.9 t and 9150.1 t,respectively.The difference in the spatial distribution of the cities is influencial to the load amount and load intensity of TN and TP.The TN and TP load amounts were relatively high in the cities of Ankang,Hanzhong and Yulin,while the TN and TP load intensities were relatively high in the cities of Xi′an,Xianyang,and Weinan.Different types of pollution sources contributed differently to TN and TP loads.A large proportion of TN and TP came from rural domestic pollution and livestock and poultry breeding pollution.The research results can provide references for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the region and for the promotion of the adjustment and upgrading of the local agricultural structure.