综合物探方法在探测煤矿采空区上部覆岩结构上的应用——以宁东灵武矿区为例

煤矿开采过程中,地层稳定结构遭到破坏,地层的含水变化、不同地层岩石的物理性质差异、煤层的开采方式和采高、地层的倾角变化等因素都会造成覆岩结构不同程度地破坏,采空区上部形成复杂的覆岩结构。通过常规物探手段只能探测一种物性差异,不能解决复杂的覆岩结构。本次采用电法、微动勘探和氡气测量3种物探方法综合探测,结合钻孔资料和地质资料综合阐述采空区上部覆岩结构的基本形态,以及各种物探方法的局限性。

In the process of coal mining,the stable structure of strata is destroyed,the change of water content of strata,the difference of physical properties of rocks in different strata,the mining mode and mining height of coal seam,the change of dip angle of strata and other factors will cause different degrees of destruction of overburden structure,and complex overburden structure is formed in the upper part of goaf.Through a conventional geophysical method,only one kind of physical property difference can be detected,but the complex overburden structure can not be solved.In this paper,electric method,fretting exploration and radon measurement are used to comprehensively describe the basic shape of the overlying rock structure in the upper part of the goaf and the limitations of various geophysical methods.