一级气体炮制退器的流场分析及其效率测试

Flow Field Analysis and Efficiency Test of Muzzle Brake Used in First-Stage Gas Gun

针对口径为50 mm的一级气体炮制退器,基于三维非定常Navier-Stokes方程,结合多区域动网格技术,对侧孔倾角为120°、孔径为16 mm的制退器流场形态进行了数值模拟,分析了发射压力对冲击波形成、发展和衰减的变化规律以及制退效率的影响。搭建了一级气体炮发射平台,并进行了制退效率测试。实验结果表明:模拟计算得到的一级气体炮制退器的制退效率与实验结果的最大相对偏差小于1.25%,制退器的流场动态发展与实验结果高度一致;制退效率随发射压力的升高呈线性增大,对于侧孔倾角为120°、孔径为16 mm的制退器,当发射压力由5 MPa提升至10 MPa时,制退效率由4.87%提高至12.71%。

In this study,for the muzzle brake with a side hole angle of 120°and the hole diameter of 16 mm used in a first-stage gas gun with a diameter of 50 mm,the flow field morphology is simulated,based on 3D unsteady Navier-Stokes equations and multi-region dynamic grid technology.The characteristics of the formation,development and attenuation of shock wave,as well as the brake efficiency,induced by different launch pressures are analyzed.The launching platform of the first-stage gas gun was built experimentally,and the muzzle brake efficiency was tested.The results show that the maximum deviation of the simulated brake efficiency is less than 1.25%compared with the experiment,and the dynamic development of the brake flow field highly agrees with the experiment.The brake efficiency increases linearly with the launch pressure.For the muzzle brake with a side hole angle of 120°and the diameter of 16 mm,when the launch pressure increases from 5 MPa to 10 MPa,the brake efficiency increases from 4.87%to 12.71%.