串叶松香草四倍体的诱导及其聚类分析

Mutagenesis of tetraploids of Cup Plant and its clustering analysis

目的:探索秋水仙素诱导串叶松香草的四倍体方法。方法:在串叶松香草组织培养基础上,以秋水仙素为诱变剂,采用离体培养诱导法处理串叶松香草生长点,比较不同浓度和处理时间的秋水仙素对串叶松香草的诱导效果,并通过形态和细胞学对诱导后的植株进行倍性鉴定。结果:最佳诱导四倍体的条件为0.2%秋水仙素处理6 h,诱导率为7.14%。对16份二倍体与四倍体植株的保卫细胞长和宽、气孔密度、叶绿体数目及叶片厚度等性状采用系统聚类分析,在欧氏距离5.27处将其分为4大类。多倍体苗气孔增大,单位面积气孔密度降低;叶绿体数量增多,染色体数加倍。结论:秋水仙素处理串叶松香草生长点获得同源四倍体具有可行性。本试验为后期创新串叶松香草四倍体新种质资源及优良植株筛选奠定基础。

Objective:To explore the treatment method of colchicine to induce tetraploidys in Cup Plant.Methods:On the basis of tissue culture of Cup Plant,the growth points of Cup Plant were treated with colchicine as mutagen by in vitro culture induction method,and the induction effect of colchicine at different concentrations and treatment times on Cup Plant was compared,and the ploidy of the induced plants was identified by morphology and cytology.Results:The best condition for induction of tetraploidy was 0.2%colchicine treatment for 6 h,and the induction rate was 7.14%.The traits such as length and width of guard cells,stomatal density,chloroplast number and leaf thickness of 16 diploid and tetraploid plants were analyzed by systematic cluster analysis and classified into four major groups at Euclidean distance 5.27.Polyploid seedlings had increased stomata and decreased stomatal density per unit area.The number of chloroplasts increased and the number of chromosomes doubled.Conclusion:It is feasible to obtain homozygous tetraploids by colchicine treatment of the growing points of Cup Plant.This experiment lays the foundation for the later innovation of new germplasm resources of tetraploid of Cup Plant and the screening of excellent plants.