“螺蚌鱼草”生态湿地对农村生活污水的净化效果

The Purification Effect of the"Snail,Shellfish,Fish and Grass"Ecological Wetland on Rural Domestic Sewage

为探索农村生活污水资源化利用新模式,在芜湖市镜湖区方村街道构建“螺蚌鱼草”生态湿地,分析不同功能单元水质指标的变化规律及净化效果。结果表明:“螺蚌鱼草”生态湿地对化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)和总磷(TP)的削减浓度分别达54.05 mg/L、21.54 mg/L和1.86 mg/L,去除率分别达66.06%、91.12%和85.41%。氧化塘(WD-YHT)和鱼菌藻单元(WD-YJZ)对湿地系统进水污染物削减效果最佳;菌藻单元(WD-JZ)、贝类低密度净化单元(WD-DmD)和贝类单元1(BL-BD1)对污染物的削减负荷偏低,需进一步优化生物配置。该湿地系统在整个试验期内有效降低农村生活污水对外界水环境的污染,具有良好的净化效果,可为后续生态湿地的设计提供理论分析依据。

In order to explore a new model of resource utilization of rural domestic sewage,we constructed an ecological wetland called"snail,shellfish,fish,and grass"in Fangcun Street,Jinghu District,Wuhu City.We analyzed the variation rule of water quality index and purification effect of different functional units.The results showed that the average reduction concentration of COD_(Cr),NH_(3)-N and TP reached 54.05 mg/L,21.54 mg/L and 1.86 mg/L respectively,the average removal rate reached 66.06%,91.12%and 85.41%.The study also revealed that the functional units WD-YHT(oxidation pond)and WD-YJZ(bacteria,algae and fish unit)had the best effect on reducing pollutants in the wetland system;the reduction load of functional units WD-JZ(bacteria and algae unit),WD-DMD(low-density purification unit of shellfish)and BL-BD1(shellfish unit 1)on pollutants is low.We need to further optimize biological functional units.The wetland system has shown a good purification effects during the experiment period,reducing the rural domestic sewage to the external water environment.The study provides a theoretical basis for the design of subsequent ecological wetlands.