长白山金川泥炭地金藻鳞片分类特征的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Taxonomic Characteristics of Chrysophyta Scales in Jinchuan Peatland of the Changbai Mountains

藻类是泥炭地生态系统的重要组成部分,目前对泥炭地藻类生物多样性及生态特征报道较少。本研究以长白山金川泥炭地表层泥炭藓为试材,利用扫描电子显微镜分析附生硅质藻类遗存形态特征,发现大量硅藻壳体和金藻孢囊,还有少量金藻鳞片。这些金藻鳞片总体呈两头略尖的椭圆形,由圆顶、盾、V形肋、凸缘、刚毛等部分组成。鳞片长度范围在4~5μm,宽度范围在2~3μm。经比对前人研究,这些金藻鳞片属于金藻纲金胞藻目鱼鳞藻属(mallomonas)。金藻鳞片由于其硅质成分易于保存、分类特征明显且对环境变化响应敏感,是湿地环境监测和古环境重建的有效生物指标。目前我国金藻鳞片相关报道很少,需加强金藻鳞片分类学及生态属性调查,深入了解湿地藻类生物多样性,并为湿地环境评估提供新方法。

Algae are important components of peatland ecosystems,but their biodiversity and ecological characteristics of algae in peatlands have been less investigated until now.In this study,surface Sphagnum samples were collected from Jinchuan Peatland of the Changbai Mountains,and morphological characteristics of siliceous algal remains were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope.A large number of diatom valves and chrysophyte stomatocysts were observed in these samples,with few chrysophyte scales.These chrysophyte scales are generally oval with two slightly acuate ends,and consist of domes,shields,V-shaped ribs,tiny pores,flanges and bristles.These scales have a length range of 4-5μm and a width range of 2-3μm.In comparison with previous studies,chrysophyte scales found in Jinchuan Peatland belong to the genus of Mallomonas.Due to their well-preserved silicified scales,distinct taxonomic characteristics and sensitivity to environmental changes,chrysophyte scales are useful bioindicators for wetland environment monitoring and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.Presently,chrysophyte scales have been less investigated in China,further studies of their taxonomy and ecological attributes are needed to improve our understanding on algal biodiversity in wetlands,and to provide new methods for wetland environment assessment.