湖北长寿岛国家湿地公园维管植物多样性及区系研究

Diversity and Flora of Vascular Plants in Changshou Island National Wetland Park,Hubei

湿地植物多样性及区系研究对湿地植被恢复、生物多样性保护和合理开发利用具有重要意义。以湖北长寿岛湿地作为研究对象,分析了其维管植物种类组成、主要草本植物群落、优势种及植物区系。结果表明:湖北长寿岛湿地维管植物丰富多样,共有103科324属489种,其中少种科和单种科合计占总科数的77.67%,寡属科和单属科合计占总科数的93.20%,少种属和单种属共计占总属数的98.46%。湿地主要由禾本科、菊科、蝶形花科、蔷薇科和莎草科等草本植物组成。常见的水生植物群落有眼子菜群落、水鳖群落和双穗雀稗群落,湿生植物群落为狗牙根群落和小鱼仙草群落。植物区系主要有14个类型和9个变型,热带成分占比45.88%,温带成分占比54.12%,呈现出由热带过渡到温带的区系特点。

It is of great significance to study wetland plant diversity and flora for wetland vegetation restoration,biodiversity protection and appropriate development and utilization.This paper takes the Hubei Changshou Island wetland as a case study of plant species composition,main herb communities,dominant species and flora.The results showed that vascular plants were rich in Changshou island national wetland park,Hubei.There was a total of 489 species of vascular plants belonging to 324 genera of 103 families.The families of mono-species and oligospecies accounted for 77.67%of the total families.The families of mono-genera and oligogenera accounted for 93.20%of the total families.The genera of mono-species and oligospecies accounted for 98.46%of the total genera.The wetland plants were mainly composed of herbaceous plants,including Gramineae,Compositae,Papilionaceae,Rosaceae and Cyperaceae.The common aquatic plant communities were Potamogeton distinctus community,Hydrocharis dubia community,Paspalum paspaloides community,and the common wetland plant communities were Cynodon dactylon community and Mosla dianthera community.The flora mainly contained 14 types and 9 sub-types of distribution,with the tropical component accounting for 45.88%and the temperate component accounting for 54.12%,showing the characteristics of the transition from tropical to temperate flora.