矿山修复湿地生态系统构建路径探索

Approaches to Building Wetland Ecosystem for Mine Restoration

由于城市发展的需要,多年来对庐山市东牯岭进行大量花岗岩开采,造成矿山北部及中部遗留下数十个矿坑和大量开采创面,山体水土流失和岩层风化情况严重,破坏了区域生态环境和景观风貌。通过现场调查评估,提出通过构建湿地生态系统进行矿山修复的思路,包括坑群的改造、排土场复绿、植草沟和截水坝等措施,再现山岭森林环境。以东牯岭原有信息和庐山作为参考样本,恢复森林沼泽系统,并建立适合本地植被与野生动物的栖息地环境。

Due to the needs of urban development,a large amount of granite mining has been carried out in Dongguling,Lushan City,for many years.Dozens of mines and a large number of mining sites have been left in the north and middle of Dongguling.The water and soil loss and rock weathering of the mountain are serious,posing a great threat to the regional ecological environment and security.Through on-site assessment and investigation,proposals were made to build wetland ecosystem for mine restoration,by taking measures such as reconstruction of mine pits,the re-greening of waste dumps,the construction of grass planting ditches and interception dams for the runt-off of rain water,in order to restore the mountain forest environment.Based on the original landscapes of Dongguling and Lushan Mountain as a reference to restore the forest marshes and to rehabilitate the habitats suitable for local plants and wild animals.