改革开放以来我国高校助学贷款政策的历史回顾与未来展望

The History Review and Future Prospect of Student Loan Policy in Colleges and Universities in China since Reform and Opening-up

有限资金的循环利用,是助学贷款具有的不同于其他学生资助方式的独特价值。作为一种有效的高等教育成本补偿方式,助学贷款已在全球70多个国家和地区广为实施。我国助学贷款的发展始于1986年,在30多年的政策演变历程中,助学贷款政策历经萌芽与初创期、成长与发展期、成熟与稳定期三个阶段,表现出资助理念由关注公平到兼顾效益和激励、类型趋于多样化、政府职能由主要借助行政指令转向依托财政手段、政策要点向有利于学生的方向不断调整等特点。未来一段时间,完善助学贷款立法工作,全面推进学生资助法治化建设;健全助学贷款育人机制,强化对大学生的诚信教育;优化高校贫困生认定方式,提升学生资助精准化水平,应是我国助学贷款政策进一步完善的空间所在。

The recycling of limited funds is the unique value of student loan,which is different from other ways of student aid.As an effective way of higher education cost compensation,student loan has been widely implemented in more than 70 countries and regions in the world.The development of China s student loan began in 1986.In the course of policy evolution for more than 30 years,the student loan policy has gone through three stages:germination and start-up period,growth and development period,maturity and stability period.It shows that the concept of investment assistant has changed from paying attention to fairness to giving consideration to benefits and incentives,the types tend to be diversified,and the government function has changed from mainly relying on administrative instructions to relying on financial means The key points of the policy are constantly adjusted in the direction beneficial to students.In the future,we will improve the legislation of student loans and comprehensively promote the legalization of student assistance;Improve the education mechanism of student loans and strengthen the integrity education of college students;Optimizing the identification of poor college students and improving the accuracy of student assistance should be the space for the further improvement of China s student loan policy.