基于数据挖掘的中药药对抗恶性肿瘤的成方规律分析

Analysis of Prescription Regularity of Herb Pairs for Anti-tumor Treatment Based on Data Mining

目的应用现代数据挖掘技术总结常用的抗癌中药药对的配伍规律,为临床应用提供参考。方法共筛选并整理了常用抗恶性肿瘤方剂313例,应用Microsoft Excel 2016、IBM Statistics SPSS 26和IBM SPSS Modeler18进行了频数统计、聚类分析、因子分析和关联规则分析。结果313例方剂中共涉及中药494味,累计出现频次为3993次。虽然涉及的中药种类广泛,但常用药较为集中。根据聚类分析结果,可将药物分为清热解毒、活血化瘀、扶正固本、以毒攻毒四类,该分类可与多数药物的主要功效相对应。因子分析共提取了10个公因子,结果也提示这些中药间的相关性。关联规则分析显示全部的核心药对均为清热解毒和活血化瘀的同种药物的两两结合,提示这两类中药联合用药有较好的效果。常用药对和常用药物配伍组合有:莪术-三棱、白花蛇舌草-半枝莲等药对及夏枯草、昆布、海藻和牡蛎药物组合。结论本文探讨了方剂中药对的成方规律及其在方剂中的应用,可为今后的药理研究及临床用药提供参考。

Objective To summarize the compatibility rules of commonly used anti-cancer herb pairs and provide reference for their clinical application by using modern data mining techniques.Methods A total of 313 cases of commonly used anti-malignant tumor prescriptions were screened and collated,and frequency statistics,cluster analysis,factor analysis and association rule analysis were performed using softwares including Microsoft Excel 2016,IBM Statistics SPSS 26 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.Results A total of 494 Chinese herbal medicines were involved in 313 prescriptions,with a cumulative frequency of 3993.Although a wide range of Chinese herbal medicines were involved,the commonly used medicines were concentrated.According to the results of the cluster analysis,the herbs could be classified into 4 categories:herbs had effects of clearing heat and removing toxins,promoting blood circulation and resolving blood stasis,supporting and cultivating vital energy,and treating the malignant diseases with poisonous agents.This classification could correspond to the main effects of most Chinese herbal medicines.A total of 10 common factors were extracted from the factor analysis and the results also suggested correlations among these Chinese herbal medicines.The correlation rule analysis showed that all the core pairs were the combination of herb had effects of clearing heat and removing toxins with herb had effects promoting blood circulation and resolving blood stasis,indicating that the combination of these two types of Chinese herbal medicines had good effect.The commonly used herb pairs were Curcumae Rhizoma and Sparganii Rhizoma,and Hedyotis Herba and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba,etc.The commonly used combinations of Chinese herbal medicines were Prunellae Spica,Laminariae Thallus Eckloniae Thallus,Sargassum and Ostreae Concha.Conclusion This paper explores the prescription regularity and application of herb pairs,which can provide reference for future pharmacological research and clinical use.