新时代中国企业家精神要素构成及对企业技术创新的影响

The Components of Chinese Entrepreneurial Spirit in the New Era and Their Influence on Enterprise Technological Innovation

企业家精神是推动企业技术创新、增强市场活力的重要源泉。企业家精神是一个抽象、复合的概念,杂糅了多种人格要素。对于个体企业家来说,其企业家精神的要素构成及重要性排序各有不同,从而会影响其创新决策行为。已有研究多把企业家精神视为一个整体,检验其水平的高低与企业技术创新之间的关系,而抹杀了企业家精神各人格要素本身对企业技术创新的影响。本文利用全国第十二次私营企业调查数据,分析新时代企业家精神要素构成特征并检验各要素对企业技术创新的影响,发现诚信、守法、爱国是排在前三位的企业家精神要素,创新精神虽然被认为是企业家精神最重要的特质,但超过一半的企业家没有将其排进前五位;爱国、诚信、守法、创新、责任五个要素与企业技术创新显著正相关,而自强与创业两个要素则与企业技术创新显著负相关。根据上述研究结论,提出了培育有利于企业技术创新的企业家精神的对策建议。

Entrepreneurial spirit is an important source to drive technological innovation and enhance market vitality,which is an abstract and complex concept that blends multiple personality elements.For individual entrepreneurs,their innovation decision-making varies,which are influenced by the different components of entrepreneurial spirit and the different importance ranking of the components.Previous studies have often viewed entrepreneurship spirit as a whole to test the relationship between its level and technological innovation,neglecting the influence of personality elements on enterprise technological innovation.Based on the data of the 12th national survey of private enterprises,the paper analyzes the characteristics of the components of entrepreneurship spirit in the new era,and examines the influence of each component on enterprise technological innovation.The study has found that integrity,law-abiding and patriotism are the top three components of entrepreneurial spirit.Although innovation is considered the most important trait of entrepreneurial spirit,more than half of entrepreneurs do not rank it in the top five.The five components of patriotism,integrity,law-abiding,innovation,and responsibility are positively correlated with technological innovation,while the two components of self-improvement and entrepreneurship are negatively correlated with it.Based on the above findings,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to foster an entrepreneurial spirit which are conducive to enterprise technological innovation.