接种4种外生菌根真菌对‘檀桥’板栗幼苗生长、光合及养分含量的影响

Effect of Four Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation on Growth,Photosynthesis,and Nutrient Content of Castanea mollissima‘Tanqiao’Seedlings

【目的】研究接种4种外生菌根真菌对‘檀桥’板栗(Castanea mollissima‘Tanqiao’)幼苗生长的影响,为板栗菌根化育苗技术提供科学依据。【方法】以‘檀桥’板栗家系苗为材料,采用经课题组前期分离纯化和分子鉴定所获得的中华豆马勃(Pisolithus orientalis LY-8)、橙黄硬皮马勃(Scleroderma citrinum LY-9)、硬皮马勃属未知种1(Scleroderma sp.1,LY-17-2)和未知种2(Scleroderma sp.2,MB)进行接种,比较了接种和未接种‘檀桥’板栗幼苗的菌根侵染率、生长指标(苗高、地径、生物量、根系)、光合指标及氮磷钾养分含量的差异。【结果】(1)接种4个月后,4种外生菌根真菌均能成功侵染‘檀桥’板栗,接种LY-17-2的侵染率显著高于其他3种真菌,达86.40%。(2)接种4种菌根真菌均能显著提高‘檀桥’板栗幼苗苗高、地径、生物量、根系构型指标和苗木质量指数(SQI)。其中,接种LY-17-2的总生物量显著高于LY-9,达12.61 g/株;接种LY-8的幼苗总根长、表面积、体积、根尖数显著高于接种其他3种真菌的幼苗;接种LY-17-2和LY-8的SQI值(1.44和1.43)显著高于未接种的(0.76)。(3)接种LY-17-2的幼苗净光合速率和水分利用率最大,分别是6.51μmol/(m^(2)·s)和9.47μmol/mmol;接种LY-8的幼苗叶片叶绿素总含量显著高于接种其他3种真菌;接种4种菌根真菌均显著促进了‘檀桥’板栗幼苗在根、茎、叶中N、P含量的积累。【结论】接种4种外生菌根真菌均能扩大幼苗根系,促进植株对养分的积累,提高光合利用率,促进‘檀桥’板栗幼苗的生长。经综合比较,接种LY-8和LY-17-2对‘檀桥’板栗幼苗促生效果最好。

[Objective]By investigating the effects of inoculation with four kinds of ectomycorrhizal fungi on the growth of Castanea mollissima‘Tanqiao’seedlings,this study aims to provide scientific information for chestnut mycorrhizal seedlings.[Methods]C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’family seedlings were used as plant materials to be inoculated with Pisolithus orientalis(LY-8),Scleroderma citrinum(LY-9),scleroderma sp.1(LY-17-2),scleroderma sp.2(MB),which were isolated,purified and identified by the research group.The mycorrhizal infection rate,growth index(including the seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,root system),photosynthetic index and N,P,K nutrient content between inoculated and non-inoculated chestnut seedlings were examined.[Result]The results showed that:(1)Four kinds of ectomycorrhizal fungi could successfully infect C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’after inoculation for four months,and the infection rate of LY-17-2 was significantly higher than that of the other three fungi,reaching 86.40%.(2)Inoculation of the four mycorrhizal fungi could significantly improve the seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,root configuration and seedling quality index(SQI)of C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’seedlings.Among them,the total biomass of inoculated LY-17-2 was significantly higher than that of LY-9,reaching 12.61 g/plant;The total root length,surface area,volume and number of root tips of the seedlings inoculated with LY-8 were significantly higher than those inoculated with the other three fungi;The SQI values of inoculated LY-17-2 and LY-8(1.44 and 1.43)were significantly higher than those of non inoculated LY-17-2 and LY-8(0.76).(3)The seedlings inoculated with LY-17-2 had the highest net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency,which were 6.51μmol/(m-2·s)and 9.47μmol/mmol;The total chlorophyll content of the seedlings inoculated with LY-8 was significantly higher than that of the other three fungi;Inoculation four kind of mycorrhizal fungi significantly promoted the accumulation of N and P contents in the roots,stems and leaves of C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’seedlings.[Conclusion]Inoculation four kind of mycorrhizal fungi can expand the root system of seedlings,promote the accumulation of nutrients,improve the photosynthetic utilization rate,and promote the growth of C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’seedlings.Through comprehensive comparison,inoculating LY-8 and LY-17-2 had the best effect on promoting the growth of C.mollissima‘Tanqiao’seedlings.