4种天然产物对福寿螺肝脏和头足酶活性的影响

Effects of Four Natural Products on Enzyme Activity in Liver and Head-foot of Pomacea canaliculata

【目的】寻找防治福寿螺的天然杀螺剂并初步探寻其作用机制。【方法】以福寿螺死亡率,肝功能和头足运动能力相关酶活性为综合评价指标测定槲皮素、木犀草苷、芹菜素和香草酸4种天然产物对福寿螺的毒杀活性,并在此基础上优选出活性最佳的化合物进行RT-qPCR结果验证。【结果】槲皮素、木犀草苷、芹菜素和香草酸对福寿螺24 h的校正死亡率分别为45.0%、27.3%、23.5%和12.0%;与空白组相比,福寿螺肝脏中的ALT/GPT酶活性分别降低了72.9%、58.9%、66.8%和66.5%,肝脏中AST/GOT酶活性分别升高115.5%、103.8%、70.5%和88.2%;福寿螺头足中AChE活性分别下降43.9%、29.6%、24.8%和42.2%,NOS活性分别下降55.9%、38.8%、37.9%和30.2%。研究发现,槲皮素的杀螺效果最好,并进一步对其进行RT-qPCR测定。在槲皮素胁迫下,福寿螺肝脏中SOD和CAT的mRNA表达量以及头足中SOD的mRNA表达量显著升高,肝脏中IDH的mRNA表达量和头足中TM的mRNA表达量显著下降(P<0.05)。【结论】槲皮素通过影响福寿螺肝脏和头足的正常生理功能发挥杀螺效果,具有作为植物源杀螺剂先导化合物开发的潜力。

[Objective]This study aims to search new natural molluscicide and explore their mechanism.[Method]The molluscicidal effect of quercetin,luteoloside,apigenin and vanillic acid against Pomacea canaliculata were determined by the comprehensive evaluation index including the mortality of Pomacea canaliculata,liver function and enzyme activity related to head and foot motor ability.The compound with the best activity was further verified byreal-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).[Result]The results showed that the corrected mortality rates of quercetin,luteoloside,apigenin and vanillic acid against P.canaliculata were 45.0%,27.3%,23.5%and 12.0%after 24 h,respectively.The activities of ALT/GPT in liver decreased by 72.9%,58.9%,66.8%and 66.5%,respectively,the activities of AST/GOT in liver increased by 115.5%,103.8%,70.5%and 88.2%,respectively;the activity of AchE and NOS in head-foot decreased by 43.9%,29.6%,24.8%and 42.2%,respectively,and the activity of NOS in head-foot decreased by 55.9%,38.8%,37.9%and 30.2%,respectively.Since quercetin exhibited the best molluscicidal effect,quercetin was selected to verify the results by RT-qPCR.The results showed that quercetin significantly increased the mRNA expression of SOD and CAT in the liver,and SOD in the head-foot,while significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of IDH in the liver and the mRNA expression of TM in the head-foot(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Quercetin could disturb hepatocellular and head-foot normal physiological function of P.canaliculata,indicating that quercetin would be considered as a potential leading compound of plant origin for control P.canaliculata.