乡村振兴背景下的基层粮食安全迷思

Grassroots Perceptions on Food Security in the Contextof Rural Revitalization

确保重要农产品特别是粮食供给是实施乡村振兴战略的首要任务,而基层干部和农民是保障和落实粮食安全的重要主体。本研究从基层干部和农民的认知出发,探究乡村振兴背景下的粮食安全问题及其主要成因。研究发现,基层干部在行政压力下将粮食安全理解为一个行政目标,农民对粮食安全的感知则源于个体的日常实践。在他们看来,粮食安全面临三重困境:农业生产的脆弱性与农村劳动力短缺是其面临的结构性挑战;土地政策刚性、种粮补贴政策不完善以及生态政策的抵牾效应构成其制度性障碍;小农户、新型农业经营主体和基层干部存在的诸多主观或客观问题则使其陷入主体性困境。本研究认为,应通过加大粮食生产保障力度、统筹协调各类政策落地、积极引导生产者种粮等举措保障粮食安全。

Ensuring the supply of important agricultural products,especially food,is the foremost goal of implementing Rural Revitalization Strategy,in which local cadres and farmers play an important role.This paper discusses the issue of food security and its predicaments in the context of Rural revitalization from the perceptions of local cadres and farmers.The study finds that local cadres consider food security as a political task enforced by the administrative pressure from above,while farmers perceptions are rooted in their daily observations and practices.According to the local cadres and farmers,the predicaments of food security are manifested as follows.Firstly,the vulnerability of agricultural production and the shortage of rural labor force constitute the structural challenges.Second,the rigidity of land policy,the imperfection of grain subsidy policy,and the tension among different policies for ecological conservation and for food security pose the institutional obstacles.Third,the multiple cognitions and choices of small farmers,new agricultural business entities and local cadres posed the challenging issue of“who will ensure food security”.This study calls for enhancing support on food production,coordinating the implementation of various policies,and actively guiding producers to grow grain to better ensure food security.