基于BIM与GIS融合的浅层地温能开发适宜性三维动态评价方法研究

3D Dynamic Evaluation Method of Shallow Geothermal Energy Development Suitability Based on Integration of BIM and GIS

利用地源热泵为建筑物暖通空调系统供能,常采用分别计算浅层地温能供能量和建筑耗能量的方法进行设计,但这类方法无法实现不同工况条件下的动态评估。文章提出一种基于BIM(建筑信息模型)与GIS(地理信息系统)融合分析的方法,充分发挥BIM在建筑构件高度可视化和GIS在空间信息分析处理方面的优势,将建筑构件与地上和地下空间信息融合为一体,实现浅层地温能开发适宜性的三维评价。提出了采用供需比指标作为表征浅层地温能开发利用适宜性的分级评价指标,依据各月份供需比的波动情况,以南京大学朱共山楼为例对冬季供热工况下的适宜性进行了动态分析与评价。结果表明,浅层地温能在大部分时间能满足该建筑的能耗需求,其适宜性评价分级为中等适宜,证明了基于BIM与GIS融合的浅层地温能开发适宜性三维动态评价方法是可行的。

When the ground source heat pump(GSHP)is utilized to supply energy for building HVAC system,the method of calculating the energy supply of shallow geothermal energy and the building energy consumption respectively is often used in design stage.However,this kind of method can not realize dynamic evaluation under different operating conditions.In this paper,a method based on the integration of BIM(Building Information Model)and GIS(Geography Information System)is proposed,which gives full play to the advantages of BIM in building high visualization and GIS in spatial information analysis and processing.This method integrates building components and underground spatial information,and realizes the 3D evaluation of shallow geothermal energy development suitability.The Zhu Gongshan Building of Nanjing University is taken as an example for the verification.Based on the seasonal average capacity-demand ratio index and monthly fluctuation of capacity-demand ratio,the suitability of shallow geothermal energy development and utilization in winter is analyzed dynamically.The results show that the shallow geothermal energy can meet the demand of the building in most of the time,and its suitability evaluation grade is medium.It is proved that the 3D dynamic evaluation method for the suitability of shallow geothermal energy development based on the BIM and GIS integration is feasible.