喷水对温室甜瓜白粉病的防治效果

Control Effects of Water Spray against Powdery Mildew in Greenhouse Muskmelon Production

甜瓜白粉病是日光温室甜瓜最重要的病害之一,近年来在武威甜瓜生产中发生日趋严重。为探索日光温室甜瓜白粉病无害化防治方法,依据“叶面上有水膜时白粉病菌分生孢子不易萌发”的论述,开展了采用背负式静电喷雾器在每天上午开风口后、下午关风口后喷施清水1次,连喷7 d;采用背负式静电喷雾器在下午关风口后每1、2、3 d各喷施清水1次,持续7 d;采用弥雾机、背负式静电喷雾器、普通电动喷雾器在下午关风口后每天喷施清水1次,连喷7 d共3个试验,研究了不同时间、不同频次和不同器械喷施清水对日光温室甜瓜白粉病的防治效果。结果表明,温室甜瓜白粉病初发期使用弥雾机于下午关风口后每天喷施清水1次,连喷7 d能够有效防治日光温室甜瓜白粉病,防效达到81.20%。该方法经济有效、简单易行、安全可靠,可大面积应用。

Powdery mildew disease is one of the major diseases in the production of muskmelon inside solar greenhouses and its occurrence is getting serious in Wuwei muskmelon production in recent years.To explore a new and environmental-friendly method to control muskmelon powdery mildew in solar greenhouse,based on the theory that water film on the leaf surface could inhibitthe germination of the conidia of powdery mildew,3 experiments,i.e.,1 time morning spray after vent opening plus 1 time afternoon spray after vent closing for 7 days with the backpack electrostatic sprayer,afternoon spray after vent closing on the 1st,2nd,3rd day for 7 days with the backpack electrostatic sprayer,and 1 time afternoon spray using mist machine,backpack electrostatic spray and ordinary electric spray for 7 days,on the control effect of clean water spray with different frequencies,different timings and different spray equipment against muskmelon powdery mildew in solar greenhouse were conducted.Results showed that 1 time afternoon spray after vent closing with mist machine for 7 days could effectively control muskmelon powdery mildew in solar greenhouse with the control effect up to 81.2%.This method is inexpensive,effective,safe,and easy to operate which could be further promoted in future.