莫来石晶须陶瓷膜的制备及其油水分离性能

Preparation of mullite whisker ceramic membrane and its oil-water separation performance

以自制莫来石晶须为主要原料、硅溶胶为烧结助剂,采用浸渍工艺将硅溶胶附着在莫来石晶须表面,并用处理后的晶须通过干压成型制备莫来石晶须搭接的陶瓷膜。研究了硅溶胶浓度、成型压力和烧结温度对多孔陶瓷膜组分、孔径、孔隙率和渗透通量的影响。结果表明,使用质量分数5%的硅溶胶处理后的莫来石晶须在76 MPa压力下成型、1400℃烧结得到的陶瓷膜孔隙率为54.7%,平均孔径为0.43μm。采用低温氧化法在膜表面生长纳米氧化钛进行改性,改性后陶瓷膜的油水分离通量为2746 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·MPa^(-1),截油率达到98.31%。

By using the dipping method,silica sol,as the sintering aid,was attached to the surface of home-made mullite whiskers.Then,whisker-overlapped ceramic membranes were prepared from the treated mullite whiskers by dry-pressing.The effects of silica sol concentration,molding pressure and sintering temperature on the composition,pore size,porosity and permeate flux of ceramic membranes were studied.The results show that the ceramic membranes prepared from mullite whiskers treated with 5%silica sol by dry-pressing under 76 MPa and sintered at 1400℃possess a porosity of 54.7%and an average pore diameter of 0.43μm.The membranes were modified by using low-temperature oxidation method for nano titanium oxide to grow on their surface.The oil-water separation flux and oil rejection of the modified membranes are 2746 Lm^(-2)·h^(-1)·MPa^(-1) and 98.31%,respectively.