流动中的孝顺:城镇化境遇及其对两性孝道观念的影响

Urbanization Situation and Its Impact on Dual Filial Piety

转型社会的孝道具有双元意涵,即双元孝道模型归纳的权威性孝道和情感性孝道,中国高速的城镇化浪潮形塑着人们的价值观念。城镇化境遇指人们在城镇化进程中的不同位置所分享的生活机会与经济利益,其可将不同城镇化经历的人群纳入统一的分析框架。基于中国综合社会调查2017年数据,探讨城镇化境遇对男性和女性双元孝道观念的影响发现,两性对权威性孝道的接纳程度因城镇化境遇不同而有差别。随着对城镇化介入程度的加深,个体的权威性孝道受到显著削弱,具体表现为,与游离者相比,不论是主动参与城镇化进程的流动者和选择性农转非人群,还是通过政策性方式实现农转非的人群,权威性孝道都受到显著削弱,城镇人群对权威性孝道的接纳程度最低。交互分析表明,城镇化经历对女性权威性孝道的削弱作用更大,相比男性,城镇化经历对女性传统孝道的改变具有持久且彻底的特征。此外,在情感性孝道上,各城镇化境遇的人群没有表现出显著差异。

Filial piety in the transitional society has dual meanings,that is,the authoritarian filial piety and reciprocal filial piety concluded by the dual filial piety model.China’s rapid urbanization is shaping people’s value norms.The concept of urbanization situation reflects the differentiated resource ownership of various groups,as well as different living opportunities and socioeconomic status.Individuals with various urbanization experiences can be brought into a unified analytical framework.Based on the data from CGSS2017,this article analyzes the impact of urbanization situation on men and women’s dual filial piety.The study found that the acceptance degree of men and women’s authoritarian filial piety varies with different urbanization situations.With the participation of urbanization,individual’s authoritarian filial piety is weaker.Compared with peasants,both those who actively participate in the urbanization and those who participate through policy channels have significantly weakened their authoritarian filial piety,and the citizen has the lowest authoritarian filial piety scores.Further interaction analysis shows that this weakening effect has a greater impact on women,that is,compared with men,urbanization experience has a more lasting and thorough change in women’s traditional filial piety.In addition,in terms of reciprocal filial piety,which emphasizes intimacy and intergenerational equality,there is no significant difference among people in various urbanization situations.