植物生长调节剂对干旱胁迫下辣椒生长的调控作用

Plant Growth Regulators Regulating Pepper Growth Under Drought Stress

为了筛选出辣椒在遭受轻度干旱胁迫时适宜于开花坐果期应用的抗旱效果好的外源生长调节剂及其合适的浓度,以辣椒品种软皮2307为试材,采用盆栽试验研究了喷施不同浓度的0.1%24-表芸·三十烷醇、1%吲哚丁酸·三十烷醇、1%吲哚丁酸·S-诱抗素、5%糠氨基嘌呤和4%三十烷醇·苄氨基嘌呤对辣椒生理活动和产量的影响。结果表明:辣椒在中度干旱胁迫下,喷施上述5种不同浓度生长调节剂都可以提高辣椒叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度和蒸腾速率,其中净光合速率增加最多的前2个处理为A2(0.1%24-表芸·三十烷醇2×10^(-2)mg/L)和C1处理(1%吲哚丁酸·S-诱抗素2×10^(-2)mg/L),分别比CK增加59.60%和52.10%,B1处理(1%吲哚丁酸·三十烷醇2×10^(-2)mg/L)的胞间CO_(2)浓度增加最多,比CK增加12.85%,B1处理的气孔导度值最高,B1和C2处理(1%吲哚丁酸·S-诱抗素4×10^(-2)mg/L)的蒸腾速率最高;喷施生长调节剂后叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、POD活性和辣椒产量均比CK增加,而MDA含量比CK明显下降,其中SPAD增加较多的前3个处理为A2、C1和C2处理,分别较CK增加36.21%、25.55%和24.36%,POD活性增加较多的前4个处理为C1、A2、C2和B1处理,分别较CK增加50.60%、43.69%、29.94%和24.58%,产量增加较多的前4个处理为C1、A2、B1和C2,分别比CK增加48.71%、41.84%、37.01%和35.92%,MDA含量下降较多的前2个处理为C1和A2,分别比CK下降41.94%和40.86%。综合考虑各项指标,以A2和C1处理的效果最好,其次是B1和C2处理。

A pot experiment was conducted with Soft Skin 2307 pepper to study the effects of spraying different concentrations of 0.1%24-epibrassinolide·triacontanol,1%indolebutyric acid·triacontanol,1%indolebutyric acid·S-abscisic acid,5%kinetin and 4%triacontanol·6-benzylaminopurine on the physiological activity and yield of pepper,so as to screen suitable exogenous growth regulators and appropriate concentrations for pepper flowering and fruiting under mild drought stress.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and transpiration rate of pepper leaves under moderate drought stress were all increased by spraying different concentrations of the five growth regulators.The top two treatments with the highest increase of net photosynthetic rate were A2(2×10^(-2) mg/L of 0.1%24-epibrassinolide·triacontanol)and C1(2×10^(-2) mg/L of 1%indolebutyric acid·S-abscisic acid),with a respective 59.60%and 52.10%increase over CK.B1 treatment(2×10^(-2) mg/L of 1%indolebutyric acid·triacontanol)had the highest stomatal conductance value,and the highest increase in intercellular CO_(2) concentration which was 12.85%over CK.Treatments B1 and C2(4×10^(-2) mg/L of 1%indolebutyric acid·S-abscisic acid)had the highest transpiration rates.After spraying growth regulators,the relative chlorophyll content(SPAD),POD activity and pepper yield all increased while MDA content significantly decreased compared with CK;the top three treatments with higher increases of SPAD were A2,C1 and C2,increased by 36.21%,25.55%and 24.36%,respectively compared with CK;the top four treatments with higher increases of POD activity were C1,A2,C2 and B1 treatments,increased by 50.60%,43.69%,29.94%and 24.58%,respectively compared with CK;the top four treatments with higher yield increases were C1,A2,B1 and C2,increased by 48.71%,41.84%,37.01%and 35.92%,respectively compared with CK;the top two treatments with higher decreases in MDA content were C1 and A2,decreased by 41.94%and 40.86%,respectively compared with CK.Comprehensively considering all the indicators,A2 and C1 treatments produced the best effects,followed by B1 and C2 treatments.