开棚高度对晒黄烟烟叶品质的影响

Effect of Shed-Opening Height on the Quality of Yellow Sun-Cured Tobacco

为探索晒黄烟的最佳调制工艺,以宁乡市优良晒黄烟品种寸三皮为材料,采用调制棚进行棚内调制,比较了2侧棚膜的不同敞开高度(T1,开棚高度30 cm;T2,开棚高度90 cm;T3,棚膜完全敞开,开棚高度150 cm)对晒黄烟烟叶失水规律及化学品质的影响,以常规露天晾晒为对照。结果表明:在天气良好的情况下,棚内调制的前3 d是烟叶失水、变黄的关键时期,棚膜敞开高度越高,棚内温度、相对湿度越接近棚外调制环境;T3处理烟叶的总糖含量(27.52%)、还原糖含量(23.71%)、糖碱比(10.52)、两糖比(0.862)均高于其他处理,且1,2-乙二醇(33.501%)、新植二烯(0.728%)、糠醛(0.026%)、巨豆三烯酮(0.012%)等主要香气物质含量显著提升。综合化学成分及香气代谢产物来看,各处理烟叶品质由高到低排列依次为T3、T1、CK、T2,以T3处理的调制效果最好,即2侧棚膜完全敞开调制的烟叶品质较优。

In order to explore the best curing process for yellow sun-cured tobacco,an excellent yellow sun-cured tobacco variety Cunsanpi from Ningxiang City was used as the material for in-shed curing.The effects of different opening heights of two-side films of the shed(T1:30 cm opening height;T2:90 cm;T3:150 cm,in complete openness)on the water loss pattern and chemical quality of yellow sun-cured tobacco were compared,with conventional open air drying as the control.The results show that,under good weather conditions,the first 3 d of in-shed curing was a critical period for tobacco to lose water and turn yellow,and the higher the open height of the shed film was,the closer the in-shed temperature and relative humidity were to the out-shed curing environment;the total sugar content(27.52%),reducing sugar content(23.71%),sugar-nicotine ratio(10.52),and the ratio of reduing sugars to total sugars(0.862)of T3 tobacco were higher than those of the other treatments,and the contents of major aroma substances like ethylene glycol(33.501%),neophytadiene(0.728%),2-furaldehyde(0.026%),and megastigmatrienone(0.012%)were significantly increased.In terms of chemical composition and aroma metabolites,the tobacco quality of each treatment from the highest to the lowest ranked as T3,T1,CK and T2;among them,T3 achieved the best curing quality,that is,the quality of tobacco cured with two-side shed films completely open was better.