动力电池激光焊接技术的应用现状与展望

Current application status and prospects of laser welding technology for power battery

在大规模工业生产中,动力电池零部件的激光焊接容易产生气孔、成形不良、炸孔等缺陷,大大降低车辆运行的安全性与可靠性。文中分析了动力电池中激光焊接应用的具体位置,依据不同的焊接部位分类介绍了缺陷种类,讨论了未焊透、气孔、下塌、炸孔、裂纹等缺陷的产生原因。针对电池壳体与盖板连接、电池防爆阀密封、电池注液孔密封、电池极柱焊接及极耳与汇流排连接等具体的应用场景,总结了减少缺陷、提高焊接质量的手段,主要包括工艺改进、光源特性调控、焊接顺序优化等。在此基础上,进一步介绍了智能化制造技术在动力电池激光加工中的应用,并对动力电池领域未来激光焊接技术的发展进行了展望。

In large-scale industrial production,it was prone to welding defects such as porosity,poor formation and blow holes in laser welding of power battery components,which reduced safety and reliability of vehicle operation.In this paper,the specific position of laser welding application in power battery was analyzed.Welding defects were classified according to different welding positions,and causes of defects such as incomplete penetration,porosity,collapse,blasting hole and crack were discussed.For specific application scenarios such as joining of shell and cover plate of battery,sealing of explosion proof valve of battery,welding of battery pole and connection of pole ears and busbar,methods for reducing welding defects and improving welding quality were concluded,which included improving welding process,adjusting characteristics of laser source and optimizing welding sequence.On this basis,application of intelligent manufacturing techniques in laser welding of power batteries was further introduced and future development of laser welding technology in the field of power batteries was prospected.