青钱柳无性系生长、叶解剖结构和光合色素含量的差异

Variations in Growth,Leaf Anatomical Structure and Photosynthetic Pigment Content of Cyclocarya paliurus Clones

为探索青钱柳优良无性系的生长、生理特性,以初选的19个青钱柳优良单株为研究材料,分析其嫁接无性系的接穗生长、叶片解剖结构以及光合色素等指标的差异,并基于接穗基径、苗高和单株叶片生物量对19个青钱柳嫁接无性系进行聚类分析,以期为青钱柳良种的定向选育提供科学依据。结果显示:19个青钱柳嫁接无性系在生长、光合色素含量以及叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度均存在显著差异(P<0.05),而在叶片栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度和栅海比等指标间差异不显著(P>0.05)。其中,接穗高净生长量、基径净生长量、叶面积、比叶重和单株叶面积分别在LS5、Q4、CP3、CP6和LF1中最高;叶片厚度、上表皮厚度和下表皮厚度变幅分别为142.47~209.16μm、13.3~21.32μm和8.84~19.14μm;S4叶绿素a含量含量最高,而花色素苷含量最低;J1叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量最高,分别为1.09 mg/g和2.44 mg/g。可得结论:基于本文田间生长的初步研究结果,LF1、CR4、Q4,CR5、LS5、CP3和CR2这7个无性系在江苏丘陵地区生长表现良好,存在进一步选育的空间和潜力。

In order to research to the characteristic of growth and physiology of Cyclocarya paliurus that is a unique multifunctional tree species in China,based on preliminarily selected superior individuals the scion growth,leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic pigments of the 19 grafted clones from the superior individuals were investigated and analyzed in this study,while the clustering analysis was performed in term of scion net growth of base diameter,height and leaf biomass per tree,in order to provide a scientific basis for the selection of the improved varieties of C.paliurus,and also lay the foundation for its oriented cultivation.The results showed that the scion growth index and photosynthetic pigment index as well as leaf thickness,upper epidermal thickness and lower epidermal thickness were significantly different among the 19 grafted clones(P<0.05),whereas there were no significant differences in the palisade tissue thickness(PT),spongy tissue thickness(ST)and PT/ST(P>0.05).Among them,the net growth of height,base diameter,leaf area,leaf mass per area and leaf biomass per tree were the highest in LS5,Q4,CP3,CP6 and LF1 respectively.For all tested clones,leaf thickness ranged from 142.47 to 209.16μm,while upper epidermal thickness and lower epidermal thickness were from 13.3 to 21.32μm,and from 8.84 to 19.14μm,respectively.The clone S4 showed the highest content of chlorophyll a but the lowest content of anthocyanin.However,both the contents of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were observed in J1 clone,reaching 1.09 mg/g and 2.44 mg/g respectively.Based on the results from the present field study,the study indicated that 7 clones(LF1,CR4,Q4,CR5,LS5,CP3 and CR2)performed a good adaptability and prioritization to the hilly sites in Jiangsu Province of China.