城市蓝绿空间冷却效应的研究进展

The Cooling Effect of Urban Blue-green Space:A Review

本文基于419篇Web of ScienceTM和176篇中国知网数据库的相关文献,借助CiteSpace可视化图谱分析工具,对城市冷却效应领域的研究现状以及热点趋势进行定量和辅助定性分析。同时梳理热岛效应的3种研究方法,并探讨城市绿色、蓝色、蓝绿协同空间的冷却效应机制,以及城市蓝绿空间对周边环境的冷却幅度,以期为营造健康的人居环境提供参考。结果显示:2002—2022年城市热岛领域的发文量呈递增态势,国外研究时间较国内起步较早且数量较多,如何设计城市的景观因子来达到更好的冷却效应是今后的研究趋势。气象监测、遥感卫星技术和计算机数值模拟3种研究方法目前均具有不同优缺点和适应性,应多种研究方法相结合。以往研究内容的探讨多集中在城市蓝色、绿色、蓝绿协同以及城市蓝绿空间对周围冷却幅度等4个方面,文献计量分析表明由于冷却效应的影响因素众多,故绿色空间冷却效应机制、周边环境影响冷却幅度的研究尚存在矛盾。而蓝色、绿色空间冷却强度还未确定,应深入研究。本文为城市规划者最大化实现冷却效应提供理论依据。

Based on 419 articles of Web of ScienceTM and 176 articles of China National Knowledge Network database,this study made a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the research status and hot trends in the field of urban cooling effect with the help of CiteSpace visualization atlas analysis tool.At the same time,three research methods of heat island effect were summarized,and the cooling effect mechanism of urban green,blue and blue-green collaborative space was discussed,as well as the cooling amplitude of urban blue-green space to the surrounding environment,in order to provide reference for building a healthy living environment.The results show that the number of papers published in the field of urban heat island shows an increasing trend from 2002 to 2022.The research time of foreign countries started earlier than that of domestic countries and the number is larger.How to design urban landscape factors to achieve better cooling effect is the future research trend.At present,meteorological monitoring,remote sensing satellite technology and computer numerical simulation three research methods have different advantages and disadvantages and adaptability,and should be combined with a variety of research methods.Previous studies mainly focused on the four aspects of urban blue,green,blue-green coordination and the surrounding cooling amplitude of urban blue-green space.The bibliometric analysis shows that due to the numerous factors affecting the cooling effect,there are still contradictions in the studies on the mechanism of green space cooling effect and the surrounding environment affecting the cooling amplitude.However,the cooling intensity of blue and green space has not yet been determined,and it should be further researched.This study can provide theoretical basis for urban planners to maximize the cooling effect.