桦褐孔菌内生真菌的组成研究

Composition of Endophytic Fungi from Decayed Wood of Inonotus obliquus

为探求桦褐孔菌腐朽木不同腐朽区域内生真菌组成,2021年7月,以采自黑龙江省漠河市的桦褐孔菌腐朽木为研究对象,根据腐朽程度不同将腐朽木横截面从内向外依次划分为腐朽区(木材质地结构发生变化,木质素已基本被降解)、变色区(木质部细胞的细胞壁初步降解,颜色变深)、健康区和菌核区。通过真菌培养技术和高通量测序技术研究桦褐孔菌腐朽木内真菌组成。研究结果显示:桦褐孔菌在木材中扩展严重影响了白桦木不同区域内生真菌的种类组成与物种丰富度。在PDA培养基上从白桦树桦褐孔菌腐朽木不同区域分离出的内生真菌组成有较大差别,腐朽区分离到的内生真菌较多,菌核区域分离到种类最少;高通量测序分析结果表明,健康区的物种丰富度(Chaol)和物种数目(Observed species)指数都明显高于其他区域,说明健康区的物种丰富度较高。变色区内生真菌数量明显减少,腐朽区的内生真菌数量比变色区略有增加,菌核区真菌种类最少。

To study the composition of endophytic fungi in different decay zones of decaying wood of Ionotus obliquus,in July 2021,the decayed wood of I.obliquus from Mohe City,Heilongjiang Province was divided into decayed area(wood texture structure changes,lignin has been largely degraded),discolored region(initial degradation of cell wall of xylem cells and darkening of color),healthy region and mycorrhizal region of I.obliquus according to the degree of decay.The fungal composition within I.obliquus decaying wood was studied by fungal culture techniques and high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that the expansion of I.obliquus in the wood of Betula platyphylla severely affected the species composition and species richness of endophytic fungi in different zones of B.platyphylla.The composition of endophytic fungi isolated from different decayed zones of I.obliquus on PDA medium differed significantly.More endophytic fungi were isolated from the decayed zone and the least species were isolated from the mycorrhizal zone.The results of high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that both Chaol and Observed species indices were significantly higher in the healthy zone than in the other zones,indicating that the species richness in the healthy zone was higher.The number of endophytic fungi in the discolored zone decreased significantly,the number of endophytic fungi in the decayed zone increased slightly compared to the discolored zone,and the least number of fungal species were isolated from the mycorrhizal zone.