α-蒎烯对松瘤小蠹及其天敌红腹郭公虫信息素诱捕增效作用研究

The Synergistic Effect ofα-pinene on the Pheromone Trapping of Orthotomicus erosus and Its Natural Enemy Clerus rufiventris

松瘤小蠹是一种普遍的松林害虫,松瘤小蠹的暴发是造成云南省玉溪市峨山县玉白顶自然保护区云南松大面积死亡的主要原因,而红腹郭公虫是松瘤小蠹主要的捕食性天敌。2021年1—10月期间,利用信息素对松瘤小蠹进行防治并探究其种群发生规律。结果显示:云南松挥发物α-蒎烯能够增加信息素2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇和(-)-顺式马鞭草烯醇对松瘤小蠹和红腹郭公虫的诱捕效果,在云南松-松瘤小蠹-红腹郭公虫三者之间的化学通讯中发挥重要作用。其中,S-α-蒎烯/R-α-蒎烯、2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇和(-)-顺式马鞭草烯醇组合物对松瘤小蠹的诱捕效果最好,但是该组合物可诱集大量的红腹郭公虫,从诱捕专一性和诱捕效果考虑,该引诱剂配方仍需进一步的优化。此外,S-α-蒎烯/R-α-蒎烯与2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇、S-α-蒎烯/R-α-蒎烯与(-)-顺式马鞭草烯醇的两种诱芯配置可实现对红腹郭公虫成虫种群动态的监测,该发现为吸引捕食性天敌防治松瘤小蠹的危害提供新思路和方法。

Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston is an universal pine forest pest.The outbreak of O.erosus was the main cause of the large-scale death of Pinus yunnanensis in Yubaiding Nature Reserve,E’shan county,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,while Clerus rufiventris is the main predatory natural enemy of O.erosus.From January to October 2021,pheromone traps were used to control O.erosus and explore its population occurrence.The results showed thatα-pinene can increase the trapping effect of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol and(-)-cis-verbenenol,and play an important role in the chemical communication among P.yunnanensis,O.erosus and C.rufiventris.The composition of S-α-pinene/R-α-pinene,2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol and(-)-cis-verbenenol has the best trapping effect,but this bait can trap a large number of C.rufiventris.Considering the specificity and effect of field trapping,this attractant still needs further optimization.In addition,S-α-pinene/R-α-pinene mixed with 2-methyl-3-butene-2-alkene and(-)-cis-verbenenol respectively can realize the monitoring of the population dynamics of C.rufiventris.This discovery provides a new idea and method for attracting predatory natural enemies to control the damage of pine bark bark beetle.