酿酒葡萄爱格丽、媚丽在夏县地区的栽培适应性研究

Cultivation adaptability of wine grape varieties Ecolly and Meili in Xia County

为了探索酿酒葡萄爱格丽(Ecolly)、媚丽(Meili)在山西省夏县的栽培表现,选择霞多丽(Chardonnay)为对照品种,通过田间调查确定了3个品种在夏县地区的物候期,在果实转色后进行成熟度监控,采收后酿造单品种葡萄酒并测定果实和葡萄酒的基本理化指标和酚类物质含量,并在休眠期采集一年生枝测定其抗寒性。结果表明,爱格丽和媚丽萌芽晚于霞多丽3~5 d,休眠期间二者的枝条抗寒性均强于对照品种霞多丽,可以实现免埋栽培。对葡萄和葡萄酒品质的分析表明,爱格丽、媚丽的各项指标均符合酿造优质葡萄酒的标准,且成熟较早,在实际生产上要把握好采收时机;霞多丽果实的酚类物质含量显著高于其他两品种(P<0.05),但小容器酿造葡萄酒的酚类物质含量大多以媚丽为最高。爱格丽、媚丽在山西夏县栽培适应性较强,抗寒性强,果实及酿造葡萄酒品质优良,可以推广栽培。

In order to explore the cultivation performance of wine grape Ecolly and Meili in Xia County,Shanxi Province,Chardonnay was selected as the control variety,and the phenophase of the three varieties in Xia County was determined through field investigation,and the maturity was monitored after the fruit turned color.Single-variety wine was prepared after harvesting and the basic physicochemical indexes and phenolic compounds content of the fruit and wine were determined,and annual branches were collected during the dormant period to determine their cold resistance.The results showed that the sprout of Ecolly and Meili was 3-5 d later than Chardonnay,and the cold resistance of their branches during the dormancy period was stronger than the control variety Chardonnay,which could realize burial-free cultivation.The analysis results of the quality of the grapes and wine showed that the indicators of Ecolly and Meili were in line with the standards for brewing high-quality wine,with earlier maturation period.In actual production,it is necessary to grasp the timing of harvesting.The phenolic contents of Chardonnay fruit were significantly higher than that of the other two varieties(P<0.05),but among the wine fermented in small container,Meili had the highest phenolic contents.Ecolly and Meili had strong adaptability,strong cold resistance and excellent quality of fruit and wine in Xia County,Shanxi Province,and could be popularized for cultivation.