空间溢出视角下长三角城市群高技术产业集聚与城市创新——产业结构优化升级的中介效应与时空异质性分析

High-Tech Industry Agglomeration and Urban Innovation in the Yangtze River Delta from the Perspective of Spatial Spillover—Mediation Effect of Industrial Structure Optimization and Upgrading and Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity Analysis

高技术产业集聚是开辟区域发展新赛道、加速城市群一体化发展的关键,因此,厘清高技术产业集聚的空间溢出规律、明晰如何有效释放其创新外溢效能,对实现各地区联动发展和推动城市群一体化进程至关重要。基于2010—2019年我国长三角城市群面板数据,构建空间计量模型,实证考察空间溢出视角下高技术产业集聚对城市创新的影响规律及特征,结合产业结构优化升级探索高技术产业集聚的创新空间溢出效应的形成机制,从都市圈与城市发展阶段这两个空间与时间维度探讨空间溢出效应的时空异质性。研究发现:各城市高技术产业集聚的直接创新空间溢出效应呈现倒U形特征;长三角城市群各城市高技术产业集聚通过对邻近城市产业结构优化产生倒U形非线性空间溢出效应,进而影响邻近城市创新产出;空间异质性上,上海大都市圈中各城市之间呈现明显的倒U形创新空间溢出,杭州都市圈、南京都市圈、合肥都市圈中各城市之间的这种倒U形创新空间溢出效应依次减弱;时间异质性上,长三角城市群各城市从工业化发展阶段到城市化发展阶段,高技术产业集聚的正向创新空间溢出效应凸显。研究结论为充分发挥高技术产业集聚的创新空间溢出效应,进而突破城市发展瓶颈,形成优势突出、结构合理的城市群一体化发展新格局提供理论依据与战略支持。

High-tech industry agglomeration is the key to opening up a new track for regional development and promoting the integrated development of urban agglomerations.Therefore,clarifying the spatial spillover law of hightech industry agglomeration and how to effectively release the spatial spillover effect of high-tech industrial agglomeration on regional innovation is crucial to coordinated development of various cities and the integration process of urban agglomeration.Based on the panel data of China's Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2019,firstly,it constructed the spatial econometric model to empirically investigate the spatial spillover laws and characteristics of high-tech industrial agglomeration on urban innovation in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration;secondly,it explored the formation mechanism of innovation spillover effects of high-tech industrial agglomeration in combination with the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure;furthermore,the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the spillover effect of high-tech industrial agglomeration innovation was discussed from two spatial and temporal dimensions:metropolitan area and urban development stage.The results show that the spatial spillover effect of each city’s high-tech industry agglomeration on the innovation output of neighboring cities in the Yangtze river delta urban agglomeration shows an inverted“U”shape;the high-tech industry agglomeration of cities in the Yangtze River Delta affects the innovation output of neighboring cities through the inverted“U”shaped non-linear spatial spillover effect on the optimization of the industrial structure of neighboring cities;in terms of spatial heterogeneity,the inverted u-shaped innovation spillover effect of high-tech industry agglomeration among cities in Shanghai metropolitan area is significant,and the significance of inverted u-shaped innovation space spillover effect generated by high-tech industry agglomeration in Hangzhou metropolitan area,Nanjing metropolitan area and Hefei metropolitan area decreases successively;in terms of time heterogeneity,the positive spillover effect of high-tech industry agglomeration in cities within the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is prominent from the industrialization stage to the urbanization stage.The conclusions provide theoretical basis and strategic support for giving full play to the spillover effect of high-tech industry agglomeration,breaking through the bottleneck of urban development,and forming a new pattern of integrated development of urban agglomerations with outstanding advantages and reasonable structure.