给予舌下神经核5-羟色胺对SD大鼠睡眠呼吸暂停的影响

Effects of Hypoglossal Nerve Nuclea 5-HT on Sleep Apnea in Sprague-Dawley Rats

目的:通过微透析的方法给予Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠舌下神经核5-羟色胺(5-HT),观察其对SD大鼠睡眠时间及睡眠呼吸暂停的影响,研究舌下神经核及5-HT在睡眠呼吸暂停发生中的作用。方法:将微透析导管植入8只成年雄性SD大鼠舌下神经核内用于核团内微透析,并行手术安放脑电及肌电电极用于记录睡眠觉醒阶段。术后将大鼠分笼饲养并恢复1周后开始对其进行连续3 d的睡眠呼吸监测。第1天不给予任何处理,第2天监测时向舌下神经核微透析持续注入人工脑脊液(ACSF),第3天监测时向大鼠舌下神经核微透析持续注入5-HT。比较注入5-HT前后大鼠呼吸暂停指数(AI)及各期睡眠时间的变化。结果:与未给药及给予ACSF时比较,提高舌下神经核整体5-HT浓度可降低非快速眼动睡眠(NREM)期及快速眼动睡眠(REM)期睡眠呼吸暂停指数,包括叹息后呼吸暂停指数(PSAI)和自发性呼吸暂停指数(SPAI)(P<0.05)。与未给药及给予ACSF时比较,提高舌下神经核整体5-HT浓度对SD大鼠NREM期睡眠时间及REM期睡眠时间的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:提高舌下神经核整体5-HT浓度可改善SD大鼠NREM期及REM期的睡眠呼吸暂停指数,然而提高舌下神经核整体5-HT浓度对SD大鼠睡眠时间无影响。5-HT及中枢的舌下神经核在调控呼吸睡眠暂停中可能发挥着重要的作用。

Objective:To study the effects of 5-HT(serotonin)on sleep duration and sleep apnea in sprague-Dawley(SD)rats by microdialysis in the hypoglossal nucleus.Methods:Microdialysis catheters were implanted into the hypoglossal nucleus of 8 adult male SD rats for intramolecular microdialysis.Electroencephalogram(EEG)and electromyographic(EMG)electrodes were used to record the sleep and wake stages.After the operation,the rats were reared in cages and recovered for one week.Sleep respiration was monitored for 3 consecutive days.No treatment was given at day 1,fresh artificial cerebrospinal fluid was continuously injected into hypoglossal nucleus microdialysis at day 2,and 5-HT was continuously injected into hypoglossal nucleus microdialysis at day 3.The changes of apnea index(AI)and sleep time were compared before and after injection of 5-HT.Results:Increase of the concentration of 5-HT in the hypoglossal nucleus could decrease the sleep apnea index in non-rapid eye movement(NREM)and rapid eye movement(REM)stages.Including post-sigh apnea index and spontaneous apnea index(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in NREM sleep time and REM sleep time of SD rats by increasing the concentration of 5-HT in hypoglossal nucleus compared with that without administration and fresh artificial cerebrospinal fluid(P>0.05).Conclusion:Increasing the concentration of global 5-HT in sublingual nucleus can improve the sleep apnea index in NREM and REM stage of SD rats,while increasing the concentration of global 5-HT in sublingual nucleus shows no effect on sleep time of SD rats.These results indicate that the mechanism of apnea is complex,and the neurotransmitter 5-HT and the hypoglossal nucleus may play an important role in the regulation of apnea.