王阳明“南赣乡约”的历史意义与现实启示

The Historical Significance and Practical Enlightenment of Wang Yangming’s“Southern Jiangxi Township Treaty”

明朝正德年间,为应对赣南地区匪患猖獗、社会动荡、秩序紊乱的现象,时任“赣南巡抚”的儒者王阳明制定了“南赣乡约”以促进赣南乡治。“南赣乡约”在思想上既继承了宋代理学的乡治传统,又坚持心学思想;在政治上既坚持乡民自治,又推行官方督导。由于“南赣乡约”在“哲学思想”“组织制度”“社情民意”“道德教化”等方面具有突出优势,从而产生了巨大效益和深远影响。时至今日,仍然具有相当的借鉴意义。

During the Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty,in response to the rampant banditry,social unrest and disorder in Gannan,Wang Yangming,a Confucian scholar who was then the governor of Gannan,formulated the“Southern Jiangxi Township Convention”to promote rural governance in Gannan.Nangan Xiangyue not only inherited the tradition of rural governance in the Song Dynasty,but also adhered to the thought of mind.In politics,it not only adheres to the autonomy of villagers,but also implements official supervision.Because of its outstanding advantages in“philosophical thought,”“organizational system,”“social situation and public opinion,”“moral education”and so on,Nangan Xiangyue has produced great benefits and far-reaching influence.Today,it still has considerable reference significance.