系统性红斑狼疮患者出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Status of Discharge Readiness in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Influencing Factors

目的:调查系统性红斑狼疮患者出院准备度现状,并分析其影响因素,为制定提高出院准备度干预措施提供理论依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2021年5月至2022年3月在山东省立医院就诊的191例系统性红斑狼疮住院患者作为研究对象,采用患者一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表、出院指导质量量表、社会支持评定量表及一般自我效能量表进行问卷调查。结果:系统性红斑狼疮患者出院准备度总分为(86.12±9.42)分,均分为(7.18±0.78)分。其中,23.1%的系统性红斑狼疮患者出院准备度低于平均水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者家庭人均月收入(β=0.224,P=0.006)、出院时狼疮疾病活动指数(β=-0.247,P<0.001)和出院指导质量(β=0.332,P<0.001)为系统性红斑狼疮患者出院准备度的影响因素,3个因素可解释出院准备度33.5%的变异(调整后R2=0.335)。结论:系统性红斑狼疮患者的出院准备度水平有待提高。临床护理人员应重点关注家庭人均月收入较低、出院时狼疮疾病活动指数较高的患者,同时加大力度改善出院指导质量,进而提高患者的出院准备度。

Objective:To investigate the current status of discharge readiness in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide theoretical basis for developing intervention measures to improve discharge readiness.Methods:Using convenience sampling method,one hundred and ninety-one hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who visited Shandong Provincial Hospital from May 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research subjects.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the patient general information questionnaire,discharge preparation scale,discharge guidance quality scale,social support assessment scale,and general self-efficacy scale.Results:The total score of discharge readiness for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was(86.12±9.42),with an average score of(7.18±0.78).Among them,23.1%of the patients had a lower discharge readiness than average.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the per capita monthly income of the patient's family(β=0.224,P=0.006),the lupus disease activity index at discharge(β=-0.247,P<0.001)and the discharge guidance quality(β=0.332,P<0.001)were the influencing factors of discharge readiness,and these three factors could explain 33.5%variations in discharge readiness(R2=0.335 after adjustment).Conclusion:The level of discharge readiness in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus needs to be improved.Clinical nursing staff should focus on patients with lower per capita monthly income and higher activity index at discharge,and improve the quality of discharge guidance,thereby increasing patients'discharge readiness.