航空结构轮胎爆破喷流载荷下的结构损伤分析及试验研究

Structural damage analysis and experimental study of aviation structure under tire blasting jet load

飞机在飞行中,起落架收起后出现的爆胎是由于先前的轮胎损伤而产生的,在轮胎的外露表面上任何一处都有可能发生。为研究舱内轮胎爆破的喷流载荷对飞机结构的影响,采用了一种可以反映瞬时气流场压力分布的工程拟合法,建立了工程计算模型。利用该计算模型,观察典型大尺寸结构在瞬时喷流载荷下的动力学响应过程,得到了结构损伤。结果表明:爆破点附近结构弹性变形很大,刚度最大的结构(如缘条)是危险部位;舱内轮胎爆破对结构破坏更严酷;该模型的计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,能够正确预测喷流载荷的压力场分布和结构的动态响应过程;该方法为航空结构的抗轮胎爆破冲击设计与损伤分析提供了一种可靠的手段。

In flight,the tire burst of the retracted landing gear is caused by previous tire damage,which may occur anywhere on the exposed surface of the tire.In order to study the influence of tire blasting jet load on the aircraft structure in the cabin,an engineering fitting method was adopted to reflect the instantaneous air field pressure distribution,and an engineering calculation model was established.Using this calculation model,the dynamic response process of typical large-size structures under instantaneous jet load was observed,and the structural damage was obtained.It was shown that the elastic deformation of the structure near the blasting point is very large,and the structure with the highest stiffness(such as edge strip)is the dangerous part.Tire blasting in cabin causes more severe damage to structure,the computed results with the proposed model agree well with the test data,so the calculation model can correctly predict the pressure field distribution of jet load and the dynamic response process of the structure.This method can provide a reliable means for anti-tire blasting impact design and damage analysis of aviation structures.