车轮多边形激扰下轨道几何检测数据偏差规律及限值研究

Deviation laws and limit value of track geometry detection data under excitation of wheel polygon

某高速综合检测列车出现因车轮失圆引起的轨道几何检测数据偏差问题,对科学评价轨道平顺状态造成不利影响。为此,在深入分析检测数据异常特征的基础上,建立车轮多边形激扰下的车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,获取车轮多边形的阶数、幅值等参数对轨道检测数据偏差的影响规律,并提出适用于高速综合检测列车的车轮低阶多边形限值。结果表明,低阶车轮多边形是引起轨道几何检测数据偏差的重要激扰源,会对轨道高低、水平与扭曲不平顺的检测造成干扰,而轨向与轨距不平顺检测所受的影响很小;车轮镟修与磨耗引起的轮径变化对轨道几何检测精度的影响较小,高速综合检测列车车轮的最小允许轮径可与普通运营动车组保持一致;轨道检测系统所在轮对的车轮多边形径跳值不应超过0.10 mm。

The problem of track geometry detection data deviation caused by wheel out of round in a high-speed comprehensive detection train has adverse effects on scientific evaluation of track smoothness.Here,on basis of in-depth analysis of abnormal characteristics of detection data,a vehicle-track coupled dynamic model under excitation of wheel polygon was established to obtain influence laws of order,amplitude and other parameters of wheel polygon on deviation of track detection data,and a low order polygon limit value for wheels of high-speed comprehensive detection train was proposed.The results showed that low order wheel polygon is an important disturbance source causing deviation of track geometry detection data,and it can interfere with detection of track height,level and distortion irregularity,but its effects on detection of track alignment and gauge irregularity are very small;wheel diameter change caused by wheel lathe repair and wear has smaller impact on track geometry detection accuracy;the minimum allowable wheel diameter of high-speed comprehensive detection train wheel can be consistent to that of ordinary operating EMUs;wheel polygonal runout value of wheel pair located by track detection system should not exceed 0.10 mm.