血脂代谢与儿童川崎病及冠脉损伤的研究进展

Research progress of lipid metabolism and Kawasaki disease and coronary artery lesion in children

川崎病(KD)是指小儿出现以冠状动脉损伤(CAL)为主要病变的急性、自限性全身血管炎症综合征。目前,KD的病因及发病机制仍尚未明确。KD患儿的血脂代谢在KD急性期、恢复期及CAL中的变化与流行病学、病理学改变的相关性及针对血脂治疗的有效性,均提示血脂参与KD的病理生理过程。亚洲KD的发病率在全球居于首位,KD已取代风湿热成为我国儿童后天获得性心脏病的主要原因之一。KD会对患儿的冠状动脉造成炎性损伤,引发动脉扩张,形成动脉瘤,甚至造成心肌细胞肥大,成人期可能出现心肌梗死,严重威胁患儿生命。本文就血脂代谢在KD及CAL中的作用进行综述,旨在为KD的深入研究提供参考。

Kawasaki disease(KD)is a syndrome of acute,self-limiting systemic vascular inflammation in children with coronary artery lesion(CAL)as the main lesion.At present,the etiology and pathogenesis of KD remain unclear.The correlation between the changes of blood lipid metabolism in KD children in KD acute stage,convalescence stage and CAL and the changes of epidemiology and pathology,as well as the effectiveness of treatment for blood lipid,all suggest that blood lipid is involved in the pathophysiological process of KD.The incidence of KD in Asia ranks first in the world.KD has replaced rheumatic fever as one of the main causes of acquired heart disease in Chinese children.KD can cause inflammatory damage to the coronary arteries of children,leading to artery dilation,aneurysm formation,and even myocardial cell hypertrophy.When children grow up,they may have myocardial infarction,which seriously threatens the lives of children.This article reviews the role of lipid metabolism in KD and CAL,aiming to provide reference for further study of KD.