女大学生经前期综合征现状及应对措施的调查分析

Current situation of premenstrual syndrome of female college students and the investigation and analysis of coping measures

目的了解女大学生经前期综合征(PMS)发生情况及应对措施的现状,并探讨PMS可能的影响因素,为高等院校开展女性健康保健工作、提高女性健康水平提供科学依据。方法2022年12月采用便利抽样方法,运用自主编制问卷、PMS量表、童年逆境经历调查问卷对北京、陕西两地五所高校511名女大学生PMS现状及应对措施进行问卷调查。结果PMS的发生率为54.99%,轻、中、重度分别占29.75%、22.50%、2.74%。痛经、讨厌来月经、有家族遗传史、饮食不规律、有慢性失眠、有童年不良经历会增加PMS的发生率,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。面对PMS,女大学生最常见的应对措施是生活方式干预,较少采取药物和激素治疗。结论女大学生PMS发生率高,应对方式单一。应采取相应措施,降低PMS的发生率和对正常学习、生活的负面影响。

Objective To understand the current situation of the occurrence of premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and coping measures among female college students,and to explore the possible influencing factors of PMS,in order to provide the scientific basis for the development of women’s health care and improvement of women’s health in higher education institutions.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to investigate the current situation and coping measures of PMS among 511 female college students from five universities in Beijing and Shaanxi using a selfadministered questionnaire,PMS scale,and childhood adversity experience questionnaire in December 2022.Results The prevalence of PMS was 54.99%,with 29.75%,22.50%,and 2.74%of m ild,moderate,and severe cases,respectively.Dysmenorrhea,hating menstruation,having a family genetic history,irregular diet,having chronic insomnia,and having adverse childhood experiences increased the incidence of PMS,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the face of PMS,the most common response for female college students was lifestyle interventions,less often taking medication and hormone therapy.Conclusion Female college students have a high incidence of PMS and a single coping mode.Measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of PMS a nd the negative impact on normal study and life.