儿童错颌畸形的口腔不良习惯分析

Analysis of bad oral habits in children with malocclusion

目的分析儿童错颌畸形的口腔不良习惯以及防治措施。方法选择2021年6月至2022年6月龙口市第二人民医院口腔科收治的156例错颌畸形儿童为研究对象,采用自制问卷调查法,收集相关的临床数据。分析儿童不同生长发育阶段的口腔不良习惯及其治疗效果。结果在乳牙期,儿童不良口腔习惯以吸吮为主,占50.9%;在换牙期,儿童主要不良口腔习惯为舌习惯,占47.3%;在恒牙生长期,儿童主要口腔不良习惯以一侧咀嚼为主,占52.1%。本研究中156例儿童错颌畸形Ⅰ类畸形占64.74%,Ⅱ类畸形占16.67%,Ⅲ类畸形占18.59%。基本得到矫正,矫正有效率达100%。结论儿童不良的口腔习惯是造成错颌畸形的主要原因,应积极治疗,正确处理错颌畸形,并对其进行正确的矫正,以减少错颌畸形发生。

Objective To analyze the bad oral habits and prevention measures of malocclusion in children.Methods A total of 156 children with malocclusion admitted to the Stomatology Department of the Second People’s Hospital of Longkou City from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects.Self-made questionnaire survey was used and related clinical data were collected to analyze the bad oral habits of children at different growth stages and their therapeutic effects.Results The main bad oral habits of children were sucking in decidual teeth(50.9%),tongue habit in dental transitional period(47.3%),and chewing on one side in permanent teeth growth(52.1%).ClassⅠ,ClassⅡand ClassⅢmalformations accounted for 64.74%,16.67%and 18.59%,respectively.156 children in this study were basically corrected with an effective rate of 100%.Conclusion Children’s bad oral habits are the main cause of malocclusion.Malocclusion should be properly treated and corrected under active treatment,so as to reduce t he occurrence of malocclusion.