外泌体与肝细胞癌发生、发展关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between exosomes and the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(HCC)的发生、发展机制仍不清楚。但越来越多的研究表明,外泌体与HCC的发生、发展密切相关。外泌体是一种新型的细胞间信号传导介质,可参与包括HCC在内的多种病理过程。外泌体通过传递蛋白质、脂质、核酸等生物活性成分,实现细胞间的物质交换和信号传导,从而调控受体细胞的功能。本文综述外泌体的来源、结构、生物学功能与特性,重点论述外泌体在HCC血管生成、HCC免疫逃逸、HCC侵袭转移及HCC早期诊断和治疗中的作用,旨在为HCC的早期诊断和分子靶向治疗提供新的思路。

The mechanism of occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still unclear.But more and more studies have shown that exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of HCC.Exosomes are a novel mediators of intercellular signaling,which can be involved in a variety of pathological processes,including HCC.Exosomes can achieve material exchange and signal transduction between cells by delivering bioactive components such as proteins,lipids and nucleic acids,thereby regulating the function of recipient cells.This article reviews the origin,structure,biological function and characteristics of exosomes,and focuses on the role of exosomes in HCC angiogenesis,HCC immune escape,HCC invasion and metastasis,and early diagnosis and treatment of HCC,aiming to provide new ideas for early diagnosis and molecular targeted therapy of HCC.