以呼吸康复锻炼为主的护理干预对慢性肺心病患者的护理效果研究

Study on the Effect of Nursing Intervention Based on Respiratory Rehabilitation Exercises on Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

目的:探讨以呼吸康复锻炼为主的护理干预对慢性肺源性心脏病(简称肺心病)患者心肺功能、生活质量的影响。方法:选取2018年10月—2021年2月天津市第三中心医院分院呼吸科收治的100例肺心病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为对照组50例和观察组50例。对照组进行常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予呼吸康复锻炼。比较两组患者干预前及干预12周后心肺功能、生活质量改善情况。结果:干预前,两组患者心肺功能指标、呼吸疾病问卷评估量表(St George’s)各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预12周后,观察组左室射血分数(LVEF)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、FEV1/用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)及6 min步行试验(6 MWD)明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.032、5.787、5.488、4.804,P<0.001);观察组St George’s量表中症状表现、活动能力、疾病影响评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.662、4.843、4.051,P<0.001)。结论:以呼吸康复锻炼为主的护理干预可显著改善肺心病患者心肺功能,提高其生活质量,提高患者临床干预效果满意度。

Objective:To investigate the effects of a nursing intervention based on respiratory rehabilitation exercises on cardio⁃pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease(pulmonary heart disease).Methods:100 patients with pulmonary heart disease admitted to the hospital from October 2018 to February 2021 were selected as study subjects and divided into control group(50 cases)and observation group(50 cases)according to the random number table method.The con⁃trol group was given conventional care and the observation group was given respiratory rehabilitation exercises on the basis of con⁃ventional care.The improvement of cardiopulmonary function and quality of life was compared between the two groups before and 12 w after the intervention.Results:Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference between the scores of cardiopulmonary function index and respiratory disease questionnaire(St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire,St George’s)in the two groups(P>0.05).After 12 w of intervention,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),exertional expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),percentage of FEV1/exertional spirometry(FEV1/FVC)and 6 min walk test(6 MWD)were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=7.032,5.787,5.488,4.804,P<0.001).The symptom performance,mobility,and disease effect scores in the St George’s scale were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.662,4.843,4.051,P<0.001).Conclusion:Nursing interventions based on respiratory rehabilitation exercises can significantly improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients with pulmonary heart disease,improve the quality of life,and increase the satisfaction of patients with clinical intervention effects.