巴基斯坦汉语学习者汉字偏误分析

Analysis on Chinese Character Writing Errors of Chinese Learners in Pakistan

巴基斯坦是我国的友好邻国,也是“一带一路”建设中的重要国家,其汉语国际教育已经走过了50余年历程,但是关于巴基斯坦的汉语国际教育的研究在深度、广度、关注度上仍有较大的提升空间。为进一步提升针对巴基斯坦学生的汉字教学,本文对北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库中所有的巴基斯坦考生应试作文进行分析,收集整理了其中存在的汉字偏误,发现巴基斯坦汉语学习者汉字偏误主要有笔画变形、笔画增减、增加部件、部件配合偏误和别字五种类型,其中最大的问题是笔画增减(主要是笔画减少),并通过调查验证了巴基斯坦汉语学习者汉字偏误产生的原因,提出了对巴基斯坦汉语学习者的教学建议。

Pakistan is a friendly neighbor of China and also an important country along the Belt and Road.The international education of Chinese language in Pakistan has gone through more than 50 years.However,there is still much for improvement on the international education of Chinese language in Pakistan.To further improve of Chinese characters teaching for Pakistani students,this paper analyzes all the Pakistani examinees'compositions in the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University,and collects and sorts out the existing Chinese character errors.It finds that the Pakistani Chinese learners'Chinese character errors mainly fall into five types:stroke distortion,addition ormissing stroke,component addition,component matching error,and using characters words in the wrong place.The main problem is the addition or missing strokes.The biggest mistake was missing strokes.This paper analyzes and verifies the causes of Chinese character errors of Pakistani Chinese learners,and puts forward four teaching suggestions for Pakistani Chinese learners.