区块链架构下考虑共享储能的用户需求响应

Demand response of users considering shared energy storage under blockchain archi⁃tecture

电力系统将逐渐步入高比例可再生能源的时代,而共享储能能够提高电力系统弹性从而有效消纳可再生能源。考虑到用户自建储能可能会因容量过剩造成不必要的沉没成本,以及运营商集中投资储能用户共享的商业模式存在投资成本高、运营中心化和不透明等问题,提出了基于区块链智能合约的分布式储能点对点交易模式。在储能共享的基础上,建立用户在需求响应机制下的负荷优化模型。以美国某地区的春、夏、秋、冬典型日电负荷为例进行仿真。结果表明,在合理利用共享储能基础上建立的考虑需求响应的充放电决策模型能够帮助用户平滑负荷曲线,实现“低储高放”,并且基于区块链架构的共享储能模式能为用户带来经济效益。

The power system will gradually step into the era of high percentage of renewable energy,and the shared energy storage can improve the power system resilience and thus effectively consume renewable energy.Since selfbuilt energy storage of users may result in unnecessary sunk costs due to excess capacity and the business model of centralized investment in energy storage user sharing by operators has problems such as high investment costs,cen⁃tralized operation and non-transparency,a distributed energy storage peer-to-peer transaction model based on block⁃chain smart contracts is proposed.On the basis of energy storage sharing,a load optimization model of users under the demand response mechanism is established.Finally,a typical daily electric load in spring,summer,autumn and winter in a region of the United States is simulated as an example.The results show that the charging and dis⁃charging decision model based on the rational use of shared energy storage can help users to smooth the load curve and realize“low storage and high discharge”,and the shared energy storage model based on blockchain architecture can bring economic benefits to users.