开封市祥符区2001-2021年艾滋病流行病学特征研究

Characteristics and Control Countermeasures of the AIDS Epidemic in Xiangfu District in Kaifeng City from 2001 to 2021

目的分析开封市祥符区2001-2021年艾滋病流行情况和地域特征,分析该区域内的易感人群以及感染途径,并提出相应防治对策。方法通过本地AIDS综合防治信息系统搜集开封市祥符区HIV感染者、AIDS患者的病例资料,对该区域人群HIV感染情况和途径进行分析。结果通过统计发现,开封市祥符区2001-2021年HIV感染以及AIDS患者累计报告389例,男女比例为267:122,其中青壮年人群(30-60岁)人群占总例数的76.34%(297/389),平均年龄(49.21±12.96)岁;职业及民族分布具有显著差异;感染者文化程度存在鲜明差异,70.44%(274/389)人群为初中及以下文化;超过79.43%(309/389)为已婚人士;性传播仍是该地区HIV感染的主要传播方式,占比达到59.38%(231/389),这其中MSM(男男性行为)占比达到19.02%(74/389),较往年有明显增长趋势。结论开封市祥符区2001-2021年HIV/AIDS报告数量以及感染率呈现上升趋势,文化程度较低的农民以及流动工作人群更容易发生交叉感染,感染途径仍以性传播为主,应持续加强对低收入人群的艾滋宣传教育,重点监控男男同性传播高危人群。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and regional characteristics of AIDS in Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City from 2001 to 2021 and the susceptible groups and infection routes in this region,and put forward corresponding prevention and control countermeasures.Methods The case data of HIV infected and AIDS patients in Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City were collected through the local AIDS comprehensive prevention and control information system,and the HIV infection situation and infection ways in this area were analyzed.Results Statistics showed that 389 cases of HIV infection and AIDS patients were reported in Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City from 2001 to 2021,with a male to female ratio of 267:122.Among them,the young and middle-aged population(30-60 years old)accounted for 76.34%(297/389),with an average age of(49.21±12.96)years.There are significant differences in the distribution of occupations and ethnic groups.There were significant differences in the educational level of infected people.70.44%(274/389)of them were from junior high school or below and more than 79.43%(309/389)are married.Sexual transmission,accounting for 59.38%(231/389),is still the main mode of transmission of HIV infection in this region,of which MSM(male sexuality)accounts for 19.02%(74/389)with a significant growth trend compared with previous years.Conclusion The reported number of HIV/AIDS and infection rate in Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City from 2001 to 2021 showed an upward trend.Farmers with low education and migrant workers were more likely to have cross infection,and the route of infection was still mainly sexual transmission.We should continue to strengthen AIDS publicity and education for low-income people,and focus on monitoring high-risk groups of gay transmission.