高质量分数松木炭增强PE-UHMW复合材料的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of High Content Pine Charcoal Reinforced PE-UHMW Composites

以松木炭、超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)为原料,利用双螺杆挤出机制备了高质量分数松木炭增强PEUHMW复合材料,探究了松木炭在不同质量分数、不同粒径下对PE-UHMW的增强改性效果,并对其性能进行分析。扫描电子显微镜表明松木炭具有丰富的孔隙结构和高比表面积,高温下熔融的PE-UHMW贯穿于松木炭孔隙中,形成良好的机械互锁结构和界面结合效果。力学试验表明PE-UHMW/松木炭复合材料的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量均随着松木炭质量分数的增加而增大;当松木炭粒径为48~75μm,质量分数为80%时,复合材料的拉伸强度高达81.9 MPa,拉伸弹性模量高达3908.2 MPa。随着松木炭粒径减小,复合材料的拉伸强度基本呈现升高的趋势,但拉伸弹性模量整体呈现减少的趋势。静态热机械分析显示,随着松木炭比例提升,复合材料的尺寸稳定性变好。热重分析显示该复合材料表现出优异的热稳定性能。研究成果可为减塑固碳、碳封存材料的开发提供新思路,为农林废弃物高值化利用提供新途径;拓展其在高强工程应用材料、高附加值功能性材料等领域的应用。

The pine charcoal and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(PE-UHMW)were used as raw materials to prepare high content pine charcoal reinforced PE-UHMW composites by a twin-screw extruder.The effect of pine charcoal on the enhancement and modification of PE-UHMW under different mass fractions and different particle sizes was investigated,and its performance was analyzed.Scanning electron microscopy observation shows that the carbonized pine charcoal has abundant pore structure and high specific surface area,and the melted PE-UHMW can easily penetrate into the pores of the pine charcoal at high temperature,and form a good mechanical interlock structure and interface bonding effect.Mechanical tests show that the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the PE-UHMW/pine charcoal composites increase with the increase of charcoal content.When the particle size of pine charcoal is 48-75μm and the mass fraction is 80 wt.%,the extrusion molding effect of the composites is better,the tensile strength up to 81.9 MPa and the elastic modulus up to 3908.2 MPa,respectively.With the decrease of pine charcoal particle sizes,the tensile strength of the composites basically increases,but the elastic modulus of the composites generally decrease.Static thermomechanical analysis shows that the dimensional stability of the composites improves obviouslywith the increasing content of pine charcoal.Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the composites exhibit excellent thermal stability properties.The research results can provide new ideas for the development of plastic reduction and carbon sequestration materials,as well as provide new ways for the high-value utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes.Furthermore,it can expand the application in the fields of high-strength engineering application materials and high-value-added functional materials.