有意味的形式:宋代的“年龄诗”

Meaningful Form:“Age Poetry”in the Song Dynasty

在宋诗当中,年龄数词不仅高频次入诗,还会在同一首诗中被反复使用,或者在标题、首尾等醒目位置使用,从而使得年龄因素深度参与诗歌的命题立意与布局谋篇,并为整首诗的艺术效果增色。宋代“年龄诗”源于汉乐府,受到汉魏六朝与唐代诗歌的影响,其中白居易诗歌的影响尤为显著。在艺术效果上,年龄数词的组合能使诗歌具有古意;年龄数词比时间意象更为质实,更有现实意味与区分度;实际人生轨迹与年龄文化规约的错位与合辙皆能引发强烈的情感共鸣。

Age numerals can be found in the poetry of the Song Dynasty not only in the lines but the eye-catching headlines or heads-ends,so that age factors can participate in the structure and layout of the poetry and enhance the artistic effect of the whole poem.The“age poems”of the Song Dynasty originated from the Han Yuefu poems and were influenced by the poems of the Han,Wei and Tang Dynasty,particularly Bai Juyi's poetry.In terms of artistic effects,the combination of age numbers can make poetry have a classical style.Age numbers are more primitive than images that represent time,and more realistic and differentiated.The misalignment and integration of the real life trajectory and the age culture statute can trigger strong emotional resonance.