天和核心舱高能质子南大西洋异常区方向分布差异分析

Differential analysis of proton direction distribution in SAA based on Tianhe Core Module observations

地球辐射带南大西洋异常区是空间站轨道运行过程中遭遇的最重要的粒子辐射区域,这一区域集中了大量具有强穿透性的高能质子,会显著影响空间站舱内器件的正常工作,危害航天员的健康和安全.2021年4月29日中国空间站"天和核心舱"成功发射,核心舱配置了空间环境监测载荷,可实时获取沿轨高能质子通量监测数据.伴随核心舱姿态变化探测器可监测来自不同入射方向的高能质子,为初步开展异常区高能质子方向分布提供了可能.本文利用核心舱空间环境监测载荷的高能质子方向观测数据,通过重构不同入射方向条件下高能质子SAA(South Atlantic Abnormal)区分布,研究分析不同能量高能质子SAA区方向分布位置边界和方向峰值强度,给出高能质子异常区方向分布的初步结果,弥补利用辐射带模型仅能得到全向辐射结果的不足,为高效规避和应对辐射危害,保障航天器和航天员的安全提供重要参考.

The South Atlantic Abnormal(SAA)is the most important radiation region encountered by the space station in orbit.It is populated with lots of high energy protons,which will significantly affect the normal operation of onboard equipments and even endanger safety of astronauts.The core module,Tianhe,was successfully launched on April 29,2021.The space environment monitor mounted on Tianhe can measure protons along the orbit.The changing attitude of the satellite allows the monitor to get proton data in different directions,which makes it possible to study the proton direction distribution in SAA.The preliminary results of the boundary and peak intensity of proton distribution in different directions in SAA area based on the core module proton data are given.The results can provide important reference for ensuring the safety of spacecraft and astronauts.