屯兰矿岩溶陷落柱柱体形态及发育规律

The shape and development law of karst collapse column in Tunlan Mine

岩溶陷落柱在西山煤田广泛发育,是一类极富有区域性特色的地质现象,其柱体形态与发育规律受区域地质构造、应力场、岩溶径流带、柱体组构压密压实胶结程度、煤岩层组成成分等多因素控制,绝大多数隐伏于地表之下,是造成矿井煤与瓦斯突出、突水、冒顶、底鼓、煤质氧化和冲击地压等影响的复杂隐蔽致灾因素。针对陷落柱形成特殊地质环境及垂向岩体结构差异性变化较大,从跟踪井下工作面现场揭露编录和上覆下伏煤层揭露叠置对比建矿至今矿区岩溶陷落柱的揭露形态、组构特征、发育大小、发育高度、含水性等特点,由逐一揭露认识到定量统计,再到整体对比、系统分析,总结了矿区内岩溶陷落柱分布规律,实现了定量分析与定性预测,有助于推动隐伏于煤系中这一特殊地质体的深入认识。研究可为未来采掘规划提供准确的地质资料,是夯实矿井安全生产的可靠地质保障。

Karst collapse columns are widely developed in Xishan Coalfield,which is a kind of geological phenomenon with extremely regional characteristics.The shape and development law of the columns are controlled by regional geological structure,stress field,karst runoff zone,compaction and cementation degree of the cylinder fabric,composition of coal strata and other factors.Most of them are hidden under the surface.It is a complex and hidden disaster-causing factor that causes coal and gas outburst,water inrush,roof caving,bottom heave,coal oxidation and rock burst.In view of the special geological environment formed by collapse column and the great variation of vertical rock mass structure,from tracking the on-site exposure and recording of underground working faces to comparing the overlapping exposure of overlying and underlying coal seams,the exposed morphology,fabric characteristics,development size,development height,water content,and other characteristics of karst collapse columns in mining areas since the establishment of the mine,from individual exposure to quantitative statistics,and then to overall comparison and systematic analysis,summarizes the distribution regularity of karst collapse column in mining area,to realize the quantitative analysis and qualitative prediction,facilitate concealed in coal deep understanding of the special geological body.It can provide accurate geological data for future mining planning and strengthen reliable geological guarantee for mine safety production.