普职融通:杜威大职业教育的理想路径

General and Vocational Integration:The Ideal Path of Dewey's Universal Vocational Education

美国教育家杜威十分重视普职融通,并把它作为实用主义教育思想体系的一个重要组成部分。在20世纪初期,他批判旧的狭义职业教育,倡导以普职融通为理想途径的大职业教育,以适应新时代新社会的需求。杜威坚持的普职融通就是使职业教育和普通教育在内容、方法和精神上相连,并强调职业教育的首要价值是教育性的、职业教育不等同于行业培训以及职业教育和普通教育分隔的危害。杜威所提倡的普职融通不仅凸显出时代性和前瞻性等特点,而且在理论和实践上具有重要价值。

American educator John Dewey attaches great importance to vocational education and regards it as an important part of pragmatic educational ideology.At the beginning of the 20th century,he criticizes the old narrow vocational education and advocates the general vocational education as the ideal way to meet the needs of the new age and society.He emphasizes the connection between vocational education and general education in content,method and spirit,and points out that the primary value of vocational education is educational,vocational education is not equal to vocational training,and separating vocational education and general education is harmful.The general vocational integration advocated by Dewey is not only epochal,forward-looking and democratic,but also plays an important role in theory and practice.