礼乐征伐自大夫出:赵盾擅权及其影响

The Rites,Music and Expedition Coming from the Nobility:Zhao Dun's Dictatorship and Its Influence

军功贵族的跋扈使得晋襄公软弱不堪、失误频频,董之蒐造成了赵盾身兼军政大权的局面,开赵盾擅权之端。襄公去世,君权趋于弱化,赵盾通过迎立幼君与对外征伐进一步发展实力。及至赵盾弑君,其权势已达到顶峰。之后,赵盾以拥立成公与提拔赵氏宗亲来巩固地位,但其擅权已处于尾声。赵盾擅权对晋国乃至春秋政局皆产生了深远影响:一方面激化了公室与卿族、卿族与卿族之间的矛盾,并促使了卿大夫之间的联合;另一方面开启了“礼乐征伐自大夫出”的时代,引发了秦晋数十年的战争并促使秦楚联盟的形成。

The domineering of the military aristocrats made Jinxianggong weak and he constantly made mistakes.Zhao Dun's contolling of the military power and the political power made by Dong Zhisou was the beginning of Zhao Dun's dictatorship.The early death of Jinxianggong weakened the monarchy.Zhao Dun further developed his strength through supporting Jinlingong and external conquest.When regieide happened,Zhao Dun's power peaked.After that,Zhao Dun consolidated his position by supporting Jinchenggong and promoting the clansmen of Zhao,but his dictatorship was at an end.Zhao Dun's dictatorship had an important influence on the political situation of the Jin Principality and even the Spring and Autumn Period.On the one hand,it itnsifed the contradiction between the monarch and the nobility,and that among the nobiliy,and promoted the union between the nobility,on the other hand,it ushered in the era of"the rites,music and expedition coming from the nobility",triggered decades of wars between Qin and Jin,and promoted the formation of the aliance between Qin and Chu.