2018-2021年深圳市光明区哨点医院呼吸道病毒感染监测结果分析

Surveillance of respiratory viruses infections in sentinel hospitals of Guangming District,Shenzhen,between 2018 and 2021

目的分析2018-2021年深圳市光明区哨点医院呼吸道病毒感染监测结果。方法以2018年1月-2021年12月中国科学院大学深圳医院(光明区)1183例流感样患者为研究对象,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测咽拭子标本呼吸道病毒,分析患者感染情况。结果1183例流感样患者的咽拭子标本中呼吸道病毒阳性率为45.48%(538/1183),538份阳性样品中单一感染533份、混合感染5份,其中流感病毒感染417例(占比77.51%)高于其他呼吸道病毒[腺病毒(6.51%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(1.30%)、人偏肺病毒(1.67%)、鼻病毒(6.88%)、冠状病毒(1.86%)、副流感病毒(3.16%)、博卡病毒(0.19%),P<0.05]感染;冬季呼吸道病毒感染发生率高于春、夏、秋季(P<0.05),其中各季节流感病毒感染占比高于其他病毒感染(P<0.05);流感病毒感染病例发病年龄主要集中在26~40岁中青年人群,感染率高于其他年龄段(P<0.05)。除冠状病毒以感染26~40岁的中青年为主外,其他呼吸道病毒感染情况主要以15岁以下儿童发病为主,鼻病毒感染病例发病年龄15岁以下儿童22例,占比59.46%;腺病毒感染病例5岁以下儿童15例,占比42.86%;不同性别患者呼吸道病毒占比对比,无统计学差异。结论呼吸道感染以流感病毒为主,主要发病季节为冬季,26~40岁患者发生呼吸道感染概率较高,但感染发生情况与性别无关。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of respiratory tract viruses infections in sentinel hospitals of Guangming District,Shenzhen,from 2018 to 2021.METHODS A total of 1183 influenza-like patients who were treated in University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital(Guangming District)from Jan 2018 to Dec 2021 were recruited as the research subjects.The respiratory viruses that were isolated from throat swab specimens were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and the prevalence of the infections was observed.RESULTS Among the throat swab specimens that were collected from the 1183 influenza-like patients,45.48%(538/1183)were tested positive for respiratory viruses.Among the 538 positive samples,533 were single infection,and 5 were mixed infection;the patients with influenza virus infection accounted for 77.51%(417 cases),higher than the patients with infections of other viruses[adenovirus infection(6.51%),respiratory syncytial virus infection(1.30%),human metapneumovirus infection(1.67%),rhinovirus infection(6.88%),coronavirus infection(1.86%),parainfluenza virus infection(3.16%),boca virus infection(0.19%),P<0.05].The incidence of respiratory viruses infections was higher in winter than in spring,summer and autumn(P<0.05),the proportion of the influenza virus was higher than that of other viruses in winter(P<0.05).The population aged between 26 and 40 years old was dominant among the patients with influenza virus infection,and the infection rate of the age group was higher than that of other age groups(P<0.05).The population aged between 26 and 40 years old was dominant among the patients with coronavirus infection,while the population aged less than 15 years old was dominant among the patients with infections of other respiratory viruses;the patients aged less than 15 years accounted for 59.46%(22 cases)among the patients with rhinovirus infection;the patients aged less than 5 years old accounted for 42.86%(15 cases)among the patients with adenovirus infection.There was no significant difference in the proportion of the patients with respiratory viruses infection between genders.CONCLUSION The influenza virus is dominant among the viruses causing the respiratory tract infection,which is prevalent in winter.The incidence of respiratory tract infections is relatively high among the patients aged between 26 and 40 years old but is not associated with the gender.