小儿黄龙颗粒对注意力缺陷多动障碍模型大鼠注意定势转移能力的影响

Effect of Xiaoer Huanglong Granule on attention set transfer in rats with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的建立注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)大鼠模型,观察小儿黄龙颗粒对ADHD模型大鼠的注意定势转移能力的影响。方法采用自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)作为ADHD模型大鼠,将32只健康SHR随机分为模型组、哌甲酯(阳性药,给予盐酸哌甲酯缓释片6.75mgkg)组和小儿黄龙颗粒低、高剂量(1.875、3.75gkg)组,每组8只,另分别设WKY大鼠组和Wistar大鼠组(作为对照),每组8只。各给药组按10mL·kg^(-1)体质量ig给药,模型组、对照组ig生理盐水,每天2次,连续给药21d。检测各组大鼠在注意定势转移任务(AST)中各阶段[简单辨别(SD)阶段、复杂辨别(CD)及其反向阶段、内维度转换(IDS)及其反向阶段、逆反学习(RL)及其反向阶段、外维度转换(EDS)及其反向阶段]的错误次数和错误率。结果模型组SHR在CD、IDS、RL阶段的错误次数及错误率显著高于Wistar大鼠(P<0.05、0.01);在IDS反向阶段,模型组大鼠的错误率较Wistar大鼠显著增加(P<0.05),其他阶段SHR的错误次数及错误率较Wistar大鼠呈增加趋势。小儿黄龙颗粒各剂量组各阶段的错误次数及错误率较模型组大鼠有不同程度的减少,其中小儿黄龙颗粒高剂量组在CD阶段的错误次数及错误率,低剂量组在IDS正向阶段的错误次数与错误率,高剂量组在IDS正向阶段的错误次数,低、高剂量组在RL正向阶段的错误次数,与模型组大鼠相比有显著差异(P<0.05、0.01)。结论小儿黄龙颗粒能够提高ADHD大鼠的注意定势转移能力,治疗ADHD。

Objective To establish a model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and to observe the effect of Xiaoer Huanglong Granule on attention set-shifting ability in rats with ADHD.Methods Using spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)as ADHD model rats,32 healthy SHRs were randomly divided into model group,methylphenidate(positive drug,given methylphenidate hydrochloride sustained-release tablets 6.75 mg·kg^(-1))group and low and high dose(1.875,3.75 g·kg^(-1))group of Xiaoer Huanglong Granule,with eight rats in each group,and WKY rats group and Wistar rats group(as control),with eight rats in each group.The drug was administered at 10 mL·kg^(-1)body mass by ig.The model group and control group were administered with ig saline twice a day for 21 days.The number of errors and error rate of rats in each stage of attention set transfer task(AST)[simple discrimination(SD),complex discrimination(CD)and its reverse phase,internal dimension conversion(IDS)and its reverse phase,reverse learning(RL)and its reverse phase,external dimension conversion(EDS)and its reverse phase]were measured.Results The error frequency and error rate of SHR in CD,IDS and RL stage in model group were significantly higher than that in Wistar rats(P<0.05,0.01).In the reverse phase of IDS,the error rate of model group rats was significantly higher than that of Wistar rats(P<0.05).The number of errors and error rate of SHR in other stages were increased compared with Wistar rats.The number of errors and error rate at each stage of Xiaoer Huanglong Granule each dose group were reduced to different degrees compared with the model group rats,including the number of errors and error rate at CD stage in the high-dose group of Xiaoer Huanglong Granule,the number of errors and error rate at the forward stage of IDS in the low-dose group,the number of errors at the forward stage of IDS in the high-dose group,and the number of errors at the forward stage of RL in the low-dose and high-dose groups,there was significant difference compared with the model group(P<0.05,0.01).Conclusion Xiaoer Huanglong Granules can improve the attentional setshifting ability of rats with ADHD and treat ADHD.