不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者行激光治疗对视力、视网膜病变改善情况研究

Study on the Improvement of Visual Acuity and Retinopathy in Patients with Different Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy by Laser Therapy

目的研究不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者行激光治疗对其视力、视网膜病变改善情况。方法选择2021年5月—2022年5月湖北省宜都市人民医院五官科收治的117例糖尿病视网膜病变患者,按照视网膜病变分期分为A组(Ⅲ期,39例)、B组(Ⅳ期,38)和C组(Ⅴ期,40例),均对其进行激光治疗。对比激光治疗后,3组患者的视力改变情况,黄斑厚度变化、血黏度分级和血浆黏度以及临床治疗有效率。结果治疗后,A、B和C组的视力均相比治疗前得到了明显的提升,黄斑厚度均得到了明显的降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组的全血黏度高切和血浆粘度,B和C组的全血粘度低切、中切、高切和血浆黏度均与治疗前相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组的治疗有效率为97.44%,B组为94.75,C组为82.5%,B和C组、A和B组的治疗有效率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组的治疗有效率明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.840,P<0.05)。结论对Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者,采取激光治疗,可以显著提升其视力水平,改善其眼部血液流动速度,缓解视网膜病变受损程度。

Objective To study the improvement of visual acuity and retinopathy in patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy by laser therapy.Methods A total of 117 patients with diabetic retinopathy admitted to the Department of ENT in Yidu People's Hospital of Hubei Province from May 2021 to May 2022 were selected.According to the stages of retinopathy,the patients were divided into group A(stageⅢ,39 cases),group B(stageⅣ,38 cases)and group C(stageⅤ,40 cases),all the patients were treated with laser treatment.The visual acuity changes,macular thickness changes,blood viscosity grading and plasma viscosity,and clinical treatment effectiveness were compared in three groups after laser therapy.Results After treatment,the visual acuity of group A,B and C was significantly improved than those before treatment,and the macular thickness was significantly reduced than that before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of group A,low and middle shear,high shear and plasma viscosity of group B and C were compared with those before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate of treatment was 97.44%in group A,94.75%in group B and 82.5%in group C,there were no statistically significant difference in effective rate of treatment between groups B and C,A and B(P>0.05),and the therapeutic effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group C,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion For patients with stageⅢ,ⅣandⅤdiabetic retinopathy,laser therapy can significantly improve their visual acuity,improve the speed of blood flow in the eye,and alleviate the degree of retinopathy damage.